植被制图色彩和符号设计原则与全国植被图图例方案  

Principles of color and symbol design for vegetation mapping and a scheme of national vegetation map legends

作　　者：贾宁霞 郭柯[1,2] 宋创业 刘长成[1] JIANing-Xia;GUO Ke;SONG Chuang-Ye;LIU Chang-Cheng(State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change,Institute of Botany,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100093,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院植物研究所植被与环境变化国家重点实验室,北京100093 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《植物生态学报》2021年第8期809-817,共9页Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology

基　　金：第二次青藏高原综合科学考察研究(2019QZKK0301);中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(XDA19050402)。

摘　　要：植被图通常采用不同的颜色并结合符号来区分不同的植被类型,以期更加直观、清晰地将植被类型信息传达给读者。如何通过色彩和符号的合理搭配来区分不同的植被类型是植被制图中的关键步骤,尤其是对于植被类型较丰富的区域,植被图的色彩和符号设计更为复杂。植被图图例系统建立在植被分类系统之上,近10余年来我国的植被分类系统得到了进一步的发展和完善,因此,非常有必要在最新的植被分类系统基础上,提出一套植被制图色彩和符号设计方案,用以指导当前的植被制图工作。该研究整理了地图学、植被图以及其他专题地图色彩和符号设计的要求,提出了植被制图的色彩和符号设计原则。在最新的植被分类系统基础上,采用颜色三属性(色调、明度、饱和度)及符号的基本视觉变量(形状、尺寸、方向、色彩、密度、亮度)的变化及其组合,依据色彩和符号设计的系统性、科学性、象征性等原则,对中国植被分类系统高级分类单位中的植被亚型,进行了标准化配色和符号设计,旨在为植被制图工作者及新一代1:50万植被图编研提供理论依据和参考,提升植被制图的效率和质量。Aims Various colors combined with symbols are usually employed to differentiate vegetation types in vegetation mapping, aiming to convey the vegetation information to readers more visually and clearly. How to differentiate vegetation types by appropriate setting of color and symbol is a key step in vegetation mapping, especially for regions with diverse vegetation types. Usually, vegetation map legends are based on the vegetation classification system. Recently, the vegetation classification system of China has been revised according to the achievements in vegetation surveys and research over the past decade. Therefore, it is necessary to put forward a new color and symbol setting scheme for vegetation mapping. Our objective is to improve the scientificity and artistry of current vegetation mapping.Methods The principles of color and symbol setting of existing vegetation maps and other thematic maps were summarized. Based on the principles of systematicness, scientificity and symbolism, the changes and combinations of the three color attributes(hue, lightness and saturation) and the basic visual variables(shape, size, direction, color, density and brightness) of the symbols were taken in consideration for the national vegetation map legends. In the legends, Vegetation Formation Groups were differentiated by hues, and Vegetation Formations and Vegetation Subformations were represented by different lightnesses and saturations. In addition, different symbols attached to the colors were employed to distinguish vegetation types. The colors and symbols were designed to reflect the physiognomy and habitats of the vegetation types as much as possible.Important findings The principles of color and symbol setting for vegetation mapping and a new scheme of national vegetation map legends were presented. These results would provide guideline for vegetation cartographer to set the legends of the new Chinese vegetation map(1:500 000).

关 键 词：配色原理 图例设计 符号设计 植被制图 

分 类 号：Q948[生物学—植物学]