超越时空的战略逻辑:美国对“北溪二线”与西伯利亚管道的制裁  

Strategic logic beyond time and space:America’s sanctions on Nord Stream 2 and Siberia pipeline

作　　者：阮建平[1] 秦子宁 Ruan Jianping;Qin Zining(Wuhan University)

机构地区：[1]武汉大学政治与公共管理学院

出　　处：《欧亚人文研究（中俄文）》2021年第4期1-11,84,89,共13页Eurasian Humanities Studies

基　　金：2019年国家社科基金重点项目“美国对华战略竞争与中国的发展战略与策略研究”(项目号为19AGJ003)的阶段性研究成果;武汉大学区域国别研究计划的资助。

摘　　要：作为俄欧能源合作的重要项目,"北溪二线"项目从一开始就在美国的关注下历经波折。同20世纪80年代对苏联西伯利亚油气管道的禁运一样,美国对"北溪二线"项目的首要目标就是要限制俄罗斯借此获得经济收益和战略博弈筹码,而美国页岩气革命导致的市场竞争助推了对"北溪二线"项目的制裁。面对俄罗斯的坚持和德国的反对,将应对中国作为首要任务的拜登政府不得不进行调整。在获得德国必要承诺的前提下,美国将豁免其被制裁的相关实体和人员,但这并不意味着美国放弃对俄罗斯的制裁和对该项目的干预。纵观历史,美国不变的战略目标是维持欧亚大陆主要力量之间的相互制衡,阻止可能挑战其主导地位的地区合作或新兴力量的崛起。As an important energy cooperation project between Russia and Europe,the Nord Stream 2 has experienced twists and turns under the close watch of the United States.Just like the embargo on the Soviet Union’s Siberian pipelines in the 1980 s,the primary goal of the measures adopted by the US against Nord Stream 2 is to prevent Russia from getting economic gains and bargaining counters in strategic game,while the market competition resulted from the US shale revolution also spurred the US to impose sanction.In the face of Russia’s insistence and Germany’s opposition,the Biden administration,with its prioritized target being China,has to adjust its policy.Based on the commitments from Germany,the US will exempt its sanction on certain entities and individuals.However,it does not mean that the US would waive sanctions against Russia and its intervention in this project.Throughout the history,the US has remained committed to the strategic goal of maintaining check and balance among major powers in Eurasia and preventing regional cooperation as well as the rise of new powers that might challenge its dominance.

关 键 词：美国 俄罗斯 “北溪二线” 西伯利亚管道 欧亚战略 

分 类 号：D81[政治法律—国际关系]