孕前体质指数(BMI)与孕期体质量增长对孕妇妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)发病及妊娠结局影响的分析  

Analysis of the Influence of Pre-pregnancy Body Mass Index(BMI) and Weight Gain during Pregnancy on the Onset of Gestational Diabetes(GDM)and Pregnancy Outcome

作　　者：江云妹 JIANG Yunmei(Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology,Fuzhou Changle District Hospital,Fuzhou,Fujian Province,350200 China)

机构地区：[1]福州长乐区医院妇产科,福建福州350200

出　　处：《糖尿病新世界》2021年第22期47-50,共4页Diabetes New World Magazine

摘　　要：目的分析孕妇妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)发病及妊娠结局受到孕前体质指数(BMI)与孕期体质量增长的影响。方法回顾性选取2019年2月—2021年2月该院进行孕期保健并住院分娩孕妇780例,统计分析不同孕前BMI、孕期体质量增长孕妇的GDM发病情况、分娩方式、妊娠结局。结果孕前低BMI、正常BMI孕妇的GDM发病率低于高BMI孕妇,自然分娩率均高于高BMI孕妇,剖宫产率均低于高BMI孕妇,巨大儿比例、胎儿宫内窘迫比例均低于高BMI孕妇,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),但孕前低BMI、正常BMI孕妇的GDM发病率、自然分娩率、剖宫产率、胎儿宫内窘迫、巨大儿比例之间的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);孕前低BMI孕妇的胎儿宫内窘迫率、巨大儿比例均低于正常BMI、高BMI孕妇,低体重儿比例均高于正常BMI、高BMI孕妇,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),但正常BMI、高BMI孕妇的低体重儿比例之间的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。孕期低体质量增加、正常体质量增加孕妇的GDM发病率均低于高体质量增加孕妇,自然分娩率均高于高体质量增加孕妇,剖宫产率均低于高体质量增加孕妇,胎儿宫内窘迫率均低于高体质量增加孕妇,巨大儿比例均低于高体质量增加孕妇,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),但低体质量增加、正常体质量增加孕妇的GDM发病率、自然分娩率、剖宫产率、胎儿宫内窘迫率、巨大儿比例之间的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);孕期低体质量增加孕妇的低体重儿比例高于正常体质量增加、高体质量增加孕妇,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),但正常体质量增加、高体质量增加孕妇的低体重儿比例之间的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论孕妇GDM发病及妊娠结局受到孕前BMI与孕期体质量增长的直接影响。Objective To analyze the effects of the onset of gestational diabetes(GDM) and pregnancy outcome in pregnant women with pre-pregnancy body mass index(BMI) and weight gain during pregnancy. Methods A retrospective selection of780 pregnant women from February 2019 to February 2021 in the hospital for health care during pregnancy and hospital delivery. Statistical analysis of GDM incidence, delivery methods and pregnancy outcome of pregnant women with different pre-pregnancy BMI and weight gain during pregnancy. Results The incidence of GDM in pregnant women with low BMI and normal BMI before pregnancy was lower than that of pregnant women with high BMI, the rate of natural delivery was higher than that of pregnant women with high BMI, the rate of cesarean section was lower than that of pregnant women with high BMI, and the proportion of macrosomia and the proportion of internal distress was lower than that of pregnant women with high BMI, and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05), but the incidence of GDM, natural delivery rate, cesarean section rate, fetal distress, and the proportion of large babies in pregnant women with low BMI and normal BMI before pregnancy, and the difference was not statistically significant(P>0.05);the fetal distress rate and the proportion of macrosomia in low BMI pregnant women before pregnancy were lower than those in normal BMI and high BMI pregnant women, and the proportion of low birth weight infants was higher than those in normal BMI and high BMI pregnant women, and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). However, there was no statistically significant difference between the proportion of low birth weight infants among pregnant women with normal BMI and high BMI(P>0.05). The incidence of GDM in pregnant women with low weight gain and normal weight gain during pregnancy was lower than that of pregnant women with high body weight gain. The natural delivery rate was higher than that of pregnant women with high weight gain. The rate of cesarean section was

关 键 词：妊娠期糖尿病 发病 分娩方式 妊娠结局 孕前体质指数 孕期体质量增长 

分 类 号：R587.1[医药卫生—内分泌]