宠物级鸡肉粉替代鱼粉的饲料中补充苏氨酸对大口黑鲈生长性能、糖脂代谢和免疫的影响  

Effects of threonine supplementation in poultry by-product meal(petfood grade)replacement diet on growth performance,intermediary metabolism and immunity response in largemouth bass(Micropterus salmoides)

作　　者：许钰珏 王文强 杨鹏 何超群 覃雅雯 宋飞 XU Yujue;WANG Wenqiang;YANG Peng;HE Chaoqun;QIN Yawen;SONG Fei(College of Life Science,South China Normal University,Institute of Modern Aquaculture Science and Engineering(IMASE),Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture,Guangzhou 510631,China;Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory,Zhuhai 519000,China)

机构地区：[1]华南师范大学生命科学学院,现代水产养殖科学与工程研究院,广东省水产健康安全养殖重点实验室,广东广州510631 [2]南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室,广东珠海519000

出　　处：《水产学报》2021年第12期2029-2043,共15页Journal of Fisheries of China

基　　金：广东省应用基础研究(2019A1515110606);南方海洋科学与工程广东实验室(珠海)创新项目;华南师范大学青年教师培育基金(19KJ03)。

摘　　要：为研究饲料中不同苏氨酸水平对大口黑鲈生长性能、糖脂代谢、免疫及宠物级鸡肉粉利用率的影响,实验采用初始体质量为(4.16±0.06)g的大口黑鲈作为研究对象,设计3种等氮等脂的饲料:苏氨酸对照组(TC,65.0%鱼粉),低水平苏氨酸组(LT,65.0%宠物级鸡肉粉添加除苏氨酸以外的必需氨基酸含量至TC水平组)和苏氨酸添加组(TS,LT组添加苏氨酸含量至TC水平组),养殖实验开展8周。结果显示,与对照组相比,LT处理组饲料显著降低了大口黑鲈的生长性能、饲料效率和鱼体营养物质组成,饲料中添加苏氨酸可在一定程度上改善宠物级鸡肉粉完全替代鱼粉后导致的生长性能受限、饲料效率低下和鱼体营养物质组成降低等问题。宠物级鸡肉粉完全替代鱼粉还显著降低了血浆中营养成分和多种游离氨基酸的含量,饲料中添加晶体苏氨酸能够显著提高血浆中游离氨基酸的水平,使之与对照组间无显著性差异。mRNA水平上,饲料中添加苏氨酸可显著改善鸡肉粉完全替代鱼粉引起的肝脏中糖脂合成代谢抑制和分解代谢加剧的现象,同时添加苏氨酸也可显著降低细胞炎症因子的mRNA的表达水平。研究表明,饲料中适量苏氨酸的添加可在一定程度上提高大口黑鲈的生长性能、促进脂肪合成和抑制脂肪分解,并增强其免疫机能。In order to investigate the effects of different dietary threonine levels on growth performance,glucose and lipid metabolism,immunity and utilization rate of poultry by-product meal(petfood grade)in largemouth bass(Micropterus salmoides),three isonitrogenous and isolipid diets were designed using M.salmoides with an initial body weight of(4.16±0.06)g as the research subjects(TC diet:threonine control group,LT diet:low threonine group and TS diet:threonine supplementation group)were cultured for for 8 weeks.Present results showed that compared with the TC diet,the LT diet significantly decreased the growth performance,feed efficiency and body nutrient composition,threonine addition could promote those differential effects caused by fishmeal totally substituted by poultry by-product meal.Moreover,the LT diet also suppressed the concentration of plasma nutrients and free amino acids compared with the control diet.TS diet had significant effects on elevating the plasma free amino acids concentration and made no notable difference compared to the TC diet.The mRNA expression level demonstrated that threonine supplementation markedly ameliorated the inhibition of anabolism,aggravation of catabolism and cellular inflammation caused by complete replacement of fishmeal with poultry by-product meal.Studies have shown that appropriate threonine supplementation could promote the growth performance by improving nutrient anabolism and immune response and inhibiting catabolism in M.salmoides.

关 键 词：大口黑鲈 苏氨酸 宠物级鸡肉粉 生长性能 中间代谢 

分 类 号：S963.32[农业科学—水产养殖]