生物光电化学电池复合系统:光电驱动生物转化  

Photobioelectrochemical hybrid systems:Light-driven biotransformation

作　　者：杨楠 田瑶[1,2] 张劢 郭之旗[1,2] 宋浩 Nan Yang;Yao Tian;Mai Zhang;Zhiqi Guo;Hao Song(School of Chemical Engineering and Technology,Tianjin University,Tianjin 300072,China;Frontier Science Center for Synthetic Biology,Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering(Ministry of Education),Tianjin University,Tianjin 300072,China)

机构地区：[1]天津大学化工学院,天津300072 [2]天津大学合成生物学前沿科学中心和系统生物工程教育部重点实验室,天津300072

出　　处：《科学通报》2021年第35期4539-4550,共12页Chinese Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(2018YFA0901300)资助。

摘　　要：生物催化以活性高、选择性高、条件温和及底物范围广泛等优势著称,其催化目标氧化还原反应时需消耗氧化还原力.光电化学电池可利用清洁、可持续的光能和电能从水中提取电子并转化为生物催化剂可用的还原力.生物光电化学电池复合系统将生物催化和光电化学电池的优势进行结合,利用光电化学电池为生物催化提供还原力,可实现光电驱动的绿色、可持续的生物催化转化过程.本文基于构成复合系统的功能组件,首先介绍复合系统中光电极的选择策略,随后从酶、微生物两类生物催化剂出发,分别综述了近年来的研究进展,最后展望了该研究领域的未来发展.Due to the high activity,excellent selectivity,mild reaction condition,and diverse function,biocatalysis has been recognized as a green tool for chemical synthesis.Especially with the progress in biotechnology(such as directed evolution and genetic engineering),it has become possible for biocatalysis to be an environmentally friendly alternative to traditional chemical synthesis processes.Redox reaction is an important category for the industrial application of biocatalysts.In enzymatic redox processes,oxidoreductases are driven to catalyze substrate conversion by consuming redox equivalents.To this end,it is a key issue to efficiently and economically supply redox equivalents for the enzymes.Photocatalysis has attracted much attention for its economic feasibility and environmental compatibility.As semiconductor photocatalysts that can utilize visible light are studied and developed,it can be expected to use clean,abundant,and sustainable solar energy to replace fossil fuel.Photoelectrochemical cells are a kind of configuration that can extract electrons from water by absorbing light energy(and electricity).The photogenerated electrons could be provided to biocatalysts in the form of reducing equivalents.Thus,by constructing photobioelectrochemical hybrid systems(hereafter noted as PBEC),the advantages of both photoelectrochemical and enzymatic catalysis could be combined,achieving a green process of continuous light-driven biotransformation.Microbes can be regarded as a“bag of enzymes”and are also widely studied in PBEC.Compared with enzymes,microbes have strong stability and good metabolic plasticity;however,the drawbacks are the requirement for continuous nutrition and energy supply,and relatively low specificity of products.PBEC has many practical bright sides.First,since the quasi-Fermi level of electrons can be adjusted by applying an external bias,water can be used to provide excited electrons,which means chemical electron donors(e.g.,triethanolamine)are not required in such systems,avoiding side-produ

关 键 词：生物催化 光电化学电池 酶 微生物 光电极 

分 类 号：TM911[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动]