白洋淀底泥重金属空间分布特征及污染评价  

Spatial distribution characteristics and assessment on pollution status of heavy metals in sediments of Baiyangdian Lake

作　　者：孙博闻[1] 孙文宁 傅长锋[2] 康国强[2] 陈平[2] 张袁宁 高学平[1] SUN Bowen;SUN Wenning;FU Changfeng;KANG Guoqiang;CHEN Ping;ZHANG Yuanning;GAO Xueping(State Key Laboratory of Hydraulic Engineering Simulation and Safety,Tianjin University,Tianjin 300350,China;Hebei Research Institute of Investigation&Design of Water Conservancy&Hydropower,Tianjin 300250,China)

机构地区：[1]天津大学水利工程仿真与安全国家重点实验室,天津300350 [2]河北省水利水电勘测设计研究院,天津300250

出　　处：《水利水电技术（中英文）》2021年第11期173-185,共13页Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering

基　　金：河北省水利厅科学技术研究项目(冀水科研2020-14);国家自然科学基金项目(51621092)。

摘　　要：为提高白洋淀生态环境修复效果并指导精准清淤工作,以白洋淀底泥为研究对象,分析8种典型重金属元素在淀区与入淀河口的空间分布特征,运用单项污染指数、综合污染指数和内梅罗污染指数评价底泥重金属污染程度。结果表明:浅层底泥中,As、Cr、Cu均在马棚淀富集,Ni多富集于烧车淀、圈头以及采蒲台,除Ni外其余7种重金属元素均富集在漕河、府河河口;中层底泥中,As、Hg、Ni、Zn、Pb、Cd在圈头富集,Cr在淀区普遍富集,除Ni、Cd外其余6种重金属元素均富集在府河、孝义河河口;深层底泥中,Cr、Ni、Cu、Zn、Pb在采蒲台富集,As、Hg、Pb在圈头富集,Hg、Cr、Cu、Pb、Zn均富集于府河河口。单项污染指数及综合污染指数显示,As、Hg、Pb属于安全级别,Cr、Cu、Zn、Cd属于警戒级别,Ni属于轻度污染;内梅罗污染指数显示淀区浅层、中层及深层均属轻度污染,污染程度浅层>深层>中层。研究结果对于白洋淀水生态环境修复和精准清淤工程具有借鉴意义。In order to improve the ecological environment restoration effect of Baiyangdian Lake and guide accurate dredging,the spatial distribution characteristics of 8 typical heavy metal elements in the sediment of Baiyangdian Lake are analyzed,and the pollution degree of heavy metals in the sediment is evaluated by single pollution index,comprehensive pollution index and Nemerow pollution index.The results show that As,Cr and Cu are enriched in the Mapeng Lake,Ni is mostly enriched in the Shaoche Lake,Quantou Lake and Caiputai Lake,and the other 7 heavy metal elements are all enriched in the Cao River estuary and Fu River estuary except Ni in shallow layer.In middle layer,As,Hg,Ni,Zn,Pb,Cd are enriched in the Quantou Lake,Cr is generally enriched in the study area,and the other 6 heavy metals except Ni and Cd are enriched in the Fu River and Xiaoyi River estuaries.In deep layer,Cr,Ni,Cu,Zn and Pb are enriched in Caiputai Lake,As,Hg and Pb are enriched in the Quantou Lake,and Hg,Cr,Cu,Pb and Zn are enriched in the Fu River estuary.Single pollution index and comprehensive pollution index show that As,Hg and Pb belong to safe level,Cr,Cu,Zn and Cd belong to alert level,and Ni belongs to slight pollution level.Nemerow pollution index shows that the shallow,middle and deep layers of the study area are mildly polluted,and pollution degree in descending order is shallow,deep and medium layer.The results have reference significance for Baiyangdian Lake ecological environment restoration and precise dredging.

关 键 词：白洋淀 底泥重金属 空间分布特征 污染风险 生态环境修复 

分 类 号：X522[环境科学与工程—环境工程]