分子标志物在分化型甲状腺癌诊断中的价值和意义  

The value and significance of molecular markers in the diagnosis of differentiated thyroid carcinoma

作　　者：黄彬 吴耀华[1] HUANG Bin;WU Yaohua(Department of Thyroid Surgery,the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University,Harbin 150001,China)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨医科大学附属第一医院甲状腺外科,150001

出　　处：《临床外科杂志》2021年第11期1096-1098,共3页Journal of Clinical Surgery

基　　金：哈尔滨医科大学附属第一医院杰青基金(HYD2020JQ0012)。

摘　　要：在多种甲状腺癌的术前诊断方法中,目前最直接的是行超声引导下细针穿刺活检,但是不能达到极高的准确率。甲状腺中有许多的分子标志物,如BRAF基因,RAS基因,甲状腺球蛋白,甲状腺抗体等。最近的研究发现,一些常见的基因突变或循环标志物水平的改变与甲状腺结节的良恶性判断、甲状腺癌的侵袭性,甚至甲状腺癌术后的预后,复发或转移都有着联系。本文将分析一些分化型甲状腺癌中常见的分子标志物,包括基因标志物及循环标志物,分析其在疾病诊断上的价值和意义,讨论这些分子标志物是否能为甲状腺结节病人提供不同的诊断方法。At present, the most direct method for preoperative diagnosis of thyroid cancer is ultrasound-guided fine needle biopsy, but it cannot achieve high accuracy.There are many molecular markers in the thyroid, such as BRAF gene, RAS gene, thyroglobulin, thyroid antibody, etc.This article reviewed some studies and found that some common gene mutations or changes in the level of circulating markers are related to the judgment of benign and malignant thyroid nodules, the aggressiveness of thyroid cancer, and even the prognosis, recurrence, or metastasis of thyroid cancer after surgery.We will analyze some common molecular markers in differentiated thyroid cancer, including genetic markers and circulating markers, analyze their value and significance in the diagnosis of disease, and discuss whether these molecular markers can provide different diagnostic methods for patients with thyroid nodule.

关 键 词：分化型甲状腺癌 分子标志物 

分 类 号：R736.1[医药卫生—肿瘤]