滴灌施肥条件下土壤硝态氮空间分布规律室内模拟研究  

Study on Distribution of Nitrate Nitrogen in Soil under Drip Irrigation

作　　者：孙富斌 尹娟[1,2,3] 魏小东 马正虎 苏振娟 SUN Fubin;YIN Juan;WEI Xiaodong;MA Zhenghu;SU Zhenjuan(College of Civil and Hydraulic Engineering,Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021,China;Ministry of Education Engineering Center for Efficient Utilization of AgriculturalWater Resources in Arid Regions,Yinchuan 750021,China;Ningxia Engineering Technology Research Center forWater-Saving Irrigation andWater Resource Regulation,Yinchuan 750021,China)

机构地区：[1]宁夏大学土木与水利工程学院,银川750021 [2]旱区现代农业水资源高效利用教育部工程中心,银川750021 [3]宁夏节水灌溉与水资源调控工程技术研究中心,银川750021

出　　处：《四川农业大学学报》2021年第6期807-813,共7页Journal of Sichuan Agricultural University

基　　金：宁夏大学一流学科项目(NXYLXK2021A03)。

摘　　要：【目的】旨在提升宁夏中部干旱区枸杞田水肥管理水平,建立更加高效的水肥管理模式,以更好服务于当地节水-高效灌溉农业发展。【方法】研究采用点源滴灌方式,设氮肥浓度(0、200和500mg/L)、滴头流量(0.5、0.75和1L/h)和灌水量(3、5L)3个因素研究了土壤硝态氮含量随再分布时间、滴头流量、氮肥浓度的变化,在径向和垂直方向的运移规律。【结果】(1)不同土层深度(0~20 cm)再分布时间下的硝态氮含量随径向距离的增大呈递减的趋势;(2)不同径向距离(0~20 cm)处,滴头流量为0.5 L/h时,硝态氮含量随土层深度的增大先减小后增大,滴头流量为0.75、1 L/h时,硝态氮含量随土层深度的增大先减小后增大再减小;(3)在不同径向距离(0~20 cm)处,无氮肥时(F1,0 mg/L),硝态氮含量随土层深度的增大呈递增的趋势,氮肥浓度为F2(200 mg/L)、F3(500 mg/L)时,硝态氮含量随土层深度的增大先减小后增大;(4)再分布时间、滴头流量、氮肥浓度均与硝态氮含量呈极显著相关关系(P<0.01)。【结论】综合各项指标得出,当再分布时间为5 d、滴头流量为0.5 L/h、氮肥浓度为500 mg/L左右时能够满足本地区滴灌施肥条件下枸杞田(沙壤土)需氮要求。【Objective】This study aims to improve the water and fertilizer management level of Lycium barbarum field in the central arid region of Ningxia,and establish a more efficient water and fertilizer management mode,so as to better serve the development of local water-saving and high-efficiency irrigation agriculture.【Method】In this study,nitrogen concentration(0,200,500 mg/L),drip head flow(0.5,0.75,1 L/h) and irrigation amount(3,5 L) were used to study the variation of soil nitrate nitrogen content with the time of redistribution,drip head flow and nitrogen concentration.The law of migration in the radial and vertical directions.【Result】(1)The nitrate nitrogen content in different soil depth(0-20 cm) decreased with the increase of radial distance;(2)at different radial distances(0-20 cm),when the drip flow was 0.5 L/h,the nitrate nitrogen content first decreased and then increased with the increase of soil depth;when the drip flow was 0.75 L/h and 1 L/h,the nitrate nitrogen content first decreased,then increased and then decreased with the increase of soil depth;(3)In different radial distance(0-20 cm),and the absence of nitrogen fertilizer(F1,0 mg/L),nitrate nitrogen content increasing trend along with the increase of soil depth,nitrogen concentration is F2(200 mg/L),F3(500 mg/L),it along with the increase of soil depth increase with the decrease of the first;(4)Redistribution time,drip flow rate and nitrogen concentration were significantly correlated with nitrate nitrogen content(P<0.01).【Conclusion】According to the comprehensive indexes,when the redistribution time is 5 d,the drip flow rate is 0.5 L/h,and the nitrogen concentration is about 500 mg/L,the nitrogen requirements of lycium barbarum field(sandy loam)under the condition of drip irrigation in this area can be met.

关 键 词：滴灌施肥 土壤硝态氮含量 再分布时间 滴头流量 氮肥浓度 

分 类 号：S275.6[农业科学—农业水土工程]