同域分布的白腹锦鸡和红腹角雉的活动节律及种间联结关系  

Activity rhythm and interspecific association of sympatric Lady Amherst’s pheasant and Temminck’s tragopan in the Yaoshan Mountains

作　　者：赵晨光 陈飞 颜再奎 刘兴元[2] 刘鲁明 李维薇 段玉宝[1,4] ZHAO Chen-guang;CHEN Fei;YANZai-kui;LIU Xing-yuan;LIU Lu-ming;LI Wei-wei;DUAN Yu-bao(Key Laboratory for Conserving Wildlife with Small Populations in Yunnan,Southwest Forestry University,College of Biodiversity Conservation,Southwest Forestry University,Kunming 650224,China;Management Bureau of Yaoshan National Nature Reserve in Yunnan,Zhaotong 657000,Yunnan,China;Kunming Institute of Zoology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Kunming 650224,China;College of Biodiversity Conservation,Southwest Forestry University,Kunming 650224,China)

机构地区：[1]西南林业大学云南省高校极小种群野生动物保育重点实验室,云南昆明650224 [2]西南林业大学生物多样性保护学院,云南昭通657000 [3]云南药山国家级自然保护区管护局云,云南昆明650224 [4]中国科学院昆明动物研究所,云南昆明650224

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2021年第12期4008-4014,共7页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：云南省科技计划项目(20210AT070040、2019FD070);云南省教育厅研究生科学研究基金项目(2021Y277);国家自然科学基金项目(31800537)资助。

摘　　要：物种间采用何种方式分割资源,达到同域共存的目的,一直是生物多样性研究领域的热点问题。为了解云南药山国家级自然保护区白腹锦鸡(Chrysolophus amherstiae)和红腹角雉(Tragopan temminckii)的时间和空间关系,于2017年3月至2018年12月,在保护区内布设45台红外相机,共获得白腹锦鸡独立有效照片116张,红腹角雉独立有效照片147张。日活动节律分析显示:白腹锦鸡的活动时间为06:00—20:00,活动高峰期出现在08:00—10:00和17:00—19:00两个时间段,最高峰值分别为09:00和18:00两个时间点;红腹角雉的活动时间为05:00—21:00,活动高峰期出现在07:00—09:00和17:00—19:00两个时间段,最高峰值分别为08:00和18:00两个时间点。两种雉类均为营昼行性活动,白腹锦鸡和红腹角雉日活动节律不存在显著性差异(P>0.05)。白腹锦鸡和红腹角雉在不同季节的活动频率并不相同,白腹锦鸡在5月和10月活动最为频繁,其次是3月和4月。红腹角雉在5月、8月和10月活动最为频繁。种间联结性分析显示二者种间关联性不强,两种雉类通过减少空间重叠活动,避免了种间竞争,这种空间上的分化方式有利于二者的共存。Understanding interspecific coexistence by dividing resources has always been a hot issue in the research field of biodiversity.This study aimed to examine the spatial and temporal relationship between Lady Amherst’s pheasant and Temminck’s tragopan in the Yaoshan National Nature Reserve of Yunnan Province.From March 2017 to December 2018,a total of 45 infrared cameras were deployed in the reserve,with a total of 116 independent,effective photos of Lady Amherst’s pheasant and 147 of Temminck’s tragopan being recorded.The analysis of diurnal activity patterns showed that the activity time of Lady Amherst’s pheasant was from 06:00 to20:00,and the activity peak was from 08:00-10:00 and 17:00-19:00,with the highest peak at 09:00 and 18:00,respectively.The activity time of Temminck’s tragopan was from 05:00-21:00,and the activity peak was from 07:00-09:00 and 17:00-19:00,with the highest peak at 08:00 and 18:00 respectively.Both species were diurnal,without interspecific difference in the diurnal activity patterns(P>0.05).The activity frequency of those two species was different in different seasons.Lady Amherst’s pheasant was the most active in May and October,followed by March and April,while Temminck’s tragopan was most active in May,August and October.The interspecific competition between those two species was reduced by lowering the spatial niche overlap.The interspecific correlation was not strong.This spatial differentiation was conducive to their coexistence.

关 键 词：白腹锦鸡 红腹角雉 活动节律 种间联结 

分 类 号：Q958[生物学—动物学]