电子数据原始存储介质扣押规则的完善  

Improvement of the Rules for Seizing the Original Storage Medium of Electronic Data

作　　者：周伟[1] 刘妍君 ZHOU Wei;LIU Yan-jun(Southwest University of Political Science and Law,Chongqing 401120;Chongqing Medical University,Chongqing 400016,China)

机构地区：[1]西南政法大学,重庆401120 [2]重庆医科大学人事处,重庆400016

出　　处：《西南政法大学学报》2021年第6期15-26,共12页Journal of Southwest University of Political Science and Law

基　　金：2019年度国家社会科学基金一般项目“监控类技术侦查证据运用研究”(19BFX090);西南政法大学2019年度学生科研创新项目博士生项目“刑事初查电子数据取证程序研究”(2019XZXS-020)。

摘　　要：在我国刑事司法实践中,电子数据原始存储介质扣押是一项重要的取证规则。该规则适用不当可能侵犯公民的隐私权和财产权。在适用过程中存在数据加密、云取证、数据镜像方面的技术障碍,也可能因数据分析的延迟而降低侦查效率。究其原因,电子数据原始存储介质扣押范围过大违反了比例原则,取证的要求难以适应现实需要。同时,侦查人员的取证技能与现场勘验的要求不匹配。因此,电子数据原始存储介质扣押规则的完善应当包括明确该刑事司法强制措施的独特地位,适当弱化对电子数据原始存储介质形态的依赖,并辅之以相应的扣押程序、区块链技术以及专业取证主体配套制度,从而在有效取证与权利保障之间实现平衡。The empirical analysis of criminal electronic data forensics in China shows that the seizure of the original storage medium of electronic data is an important rule in practice.However,the application of this rule may not only infringe citizens’privacy and property rights,but also have technical obstacles in data encryption,cloud forensics and data mirroring,and may reduce the efficiency of investigation due to the delay of data analysis.The reason is that the evidence collection rules violate the principle of proportion,the demand of evidence collection is difficult to meet the needs of reality,and the evidence collection skills of investigators are disjointed with the on-site investigation.Such rule should be improved as soon as possible,with the unique status of criminal judicial compulsory measures by defining,a modest weakening dependence on the original storage medium of electronic data,requiring the corresponding procedures,block chain technology and supporting system of professional forensics subject,so as to achieve balance between the effective access to evidence and protection of rights.

关 键 词：电子数据 原始存储介质 扣押规则 取证顺序 权利保障 

分 类 号：D73[政治法律—政治学]