祥云湾海洋牧场夏季表层微塑料分布特征及污染负荷评估  

Distribution characteristics and pollution load assessment of microplastics in Xiangyun Bay Marine Ranching in summer

作　　者：赵祺 于佳 石保佳 侯润 张秀文[1] 叶敏 张云岭 齐遵利[1] 李春 ZHAO Qi;YU Jia;SHI Baojia;HOU Run;ZHANG Xiuwen;YE Min;ZHANG Yunling;QI Zunli;LI Chun(Ocean College, Hebei Agricultural University, Qinhuangdao 066000, China;Tangshan Ocean Ranch Industrial Company Limited, Tangshan 063611, China)

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学海洋学院,河北秦皇岛066000 [2]唐山海洋牧场实业有限公司,河北唐山063611

出　　处：《大连海洋大学学报》2021年第6期1003-1008,共6页Journal of Dalian Ocean University

基　　金：唐山市科技计划项目(19150239E);河北农业大学引进人才科研专项(YJ2020026);河北省自然科学基金青年基金(C2020204151);河北农业大学引进人才科研专项(YJ2020019)。

摘　　要：为了解河北省唐山市祥云湾海洋牧场人工鱼礁区和对照区微塑料分布情况及其污染程度,于2020年7—8月对其表层海水的微塑料进行了调查研究。结果表明:祥云湾海洋牧场共检出8个颜色3种类型的微塑料,主要是蓝色和黑色的纤维类、薄膜类和颗粒类,材质为聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯(PET)、聚乙烯(PE)、聚丙烯(PP)和尼龙(PA)等;人工鱼礁区和对照区微塑料粒径主要集中在1 mm及以下,分别占各自区域总数的74.85%和74.15%;人工鱼礁区微塑料平均丰度为(0.82±0.16)个/L,对照区平均丰度为(0.88±0.33)个/L,2个区域微塑料丰度无显著性差异(P>0.05);人工鱼礁区和对照区污染负荷指数均<1。研究表明,祥云湾海洋牧场人工鱼礁区和对照区微塑料分布特征一致,微塑料丰度受粒径影响较大,粒径越小丰度越大,祥云湾海洋牧场微塑料处于轻微污染状态。In order to understand the distribution and the level of pollution of microplastics in the artificial reef area and control area in the Xiangyun Bay Marine Ranching in Tangshan City,Hebei Province,microplastics in its surface water were investigated from July to August 2020.The results showed that a total of 8 colors and 3 types of microplastics were detected in Xiangyun Bay Marine Ranching.These were mainly in blue and black color and fiber,film and particles,and the materials were polyethylene terephthalate(PET),polyethylene(PE),polypropylene(PP),nylon(PA),and etc.The diameters of microplastics in the artificial reef area and the control area were mainly concentrated in 1 mm and below,accounting for 74.85%and 74.15%in the total in their areas.The average abundance of microplastics in the artificial reef area was(0.82±0.16)ind./L,the average abundance in the control area was(0.88±0.33)ind./L,without significant difference in the abundance of microplastics between the two areas(P>0.05).The pollution load index in the artificial reef area and the control area were both<1.It was shown that the distribution characteristics of microplastics in the artificial reef area were consistent with the control area in the Xiangyun Bay Marine Ranching.The abundance of microplastics was more affected by the particle size.The smaller the particle size,the greater the abundance.The microplastics in the Xiangyun Bay Marine Ranching were slightly polluted.

关 键 词：祥云湾海洋牧场 微塑料 分布 污染负荷 

分 类 号：S932.2[农业科学—渔业资源] X55[农业科学—水产科学]