结构化健康教育提升心力衰竭患者自我护理能力的研究  

Effect of structured health education to improve self-care ability of patients with heart failure

作　　者：邓亚平 陈晓瑜[1] 贺倩 Deng Yaping;Chen Xiaoyu;He Qian(Department of Cardiology,the Second Affiliated Hospital,Guangzhou Medical University,Guangzhou 510260,China)

机构地区：[1]广州医科大学附属第二医院心内科,广东广州510260

出　　处：《现代临床护理》2021年第9期69-74,共6页Modern Clinical Nursing

摘　　要：目的讨论结构化健康教育对提升心力衰竭患者自我护理能力的效果,以期为心力衰竭患者提供一种有效的健康教育方法。方法采用便利抽样法,选择2019年1月至12月在广州医科大学附属第二医院心内科住院的心力衰竭患者80例,采用随机数字法将患者随机分为实验组和对照组,每组分别40例,对照组采用常规健康教育,实验组采用结构化健康教育。比较两组在健康教育前与健康教育6个月后自我护理能力的变化情况。结果共完成研究对照组36例与实验组35例。健康教育前两组患者自我护理能力得分比较,差异无统计学意义(P=0.532),健康教育后自我护理能力得分实验组患者比对照组患者提高了(17.9±4.6)分,两组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。在年龄>68岁、文化程度为中学的亚组中,健康教育后实验组患者得分均高于对照组(均P<0.05),而在其他亚组中比较,差异无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。在交互作用分析中,结构化健康教育与年龄存在交互效应(P=0.008),结构化健康教育与文化程度不存在交互效应(P=0.235)。结论结构化健康教育可提高心力衰竭患者的自我护理能力,而且其可能对于年龄较大的患者效果更好。Objective To explore the effectiveness of structured health education in the improvement of the self-care ability of patients with heart failure,so as to provide an effective health education for the patients with heart failure.Methods By convenient sampling,80 patients with heart failure hospitalized in the cardiology department of the hospital between January and December of 2019 were enrolled and randomly assigned to an experimental group and a control group with 40 patients per group.The patients in the experimental group received structured health education and those in the control group were under routine educational intervention in nursing practice.Ability of self-care was evaluated and compared between the groups before and after six months of education.Results Before the intervention,there was no statistically significant difference in the self-care ability between the two groups(P=0.532).After the intervention,the score of self-care ability of the experimental group was improved by 17.9±4.6(P<0.001).In the subgroup of the experimental group,for those who received middle school education and aged>68 years,a significantly higher scores was achieved than that of the control group(P<0.05),but there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in the other subgroups(all P>0.05).Furthermore,there was significant interaction effects between the intervention groups and age(P=0.008),and there was no interaction effect between structured health education and age(P=0.235).Conclusion Structured health education is effective in the improvement of self-care ability of patients with heart failure,especially for the elderlies.

关 键 词：心力衰竭 结构化健康教育 自我护理能力 心力衰竭自我护理指数量表 

分 类 号：R473.5[医药卫生—护理学]