近57a长江黄河源区径流量变化异同特征分析  

Similarities and Differences of Runoff Changes in the Source Region of the Yangtze River and the Yellow River

作　　者：伍云华 秦宁生[2] 彭晓滨 WU Yunhua;QIN Ningsheng;PENG Xiaobin(Qinghai Hydrological and Water Resources Survey Center,Xining 810008,China;Institute of Plateau Meteorology,CMA,Chengdu 610072,China;Huzhu County Water Conservancy Facilities Service Center,Huzhu 810500,China)

机构地区：[1]青海省水文水资源测报中心,西宁810008 [2]中国气象局成都高原气象研究所,成都610072 [3]青海省互助县水利设施服务中心,互助810500

出　　处：《高原山地气象研究》2021年第4期43-47,共5页Plateau and Mountain Meteorology Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41772173);四川省科技计划项目(2019YJ0620);中国气象局气候变化专项(CCSF202034)。

摘　　要：利用1956~2012年长江和黄河源区内2个水文站点逐月流量数据,分析了近57a两江源区径流的长期变化趋势、突变特征以及周期特征的异同。结果表明:长江源区径流量月变化呈单峰型,峰值在7月;黄河源区则表现为双峰型,峰值分别出现在7月和9月。近57a来,长江源区各季节及年平均径流量均呈现上升趋势,而黄河源区表现为年平均、春季和秋季平均流量呈下降趋势,而夏季和冬季则表现为上升趋势的特征。长江源区1960年和1968年前后的突变点比较可靠,在1998年前后可能也存在一次突变;而对于黄河源区,则在1960年和1968年前后的突变点具有较高的可靠性。长江源区年径流量主要存在9~10a和准22a的变化周期,而黄河源区年径流主要存在4a、7~8a和准16a的变化周期。Based on the monthly runoff data of two hydrological stations in the source area of the Yangtze River and the Yellow River from 1956 to 2012,the characteristics of runoff,including long-term trend,abrupt change and periodic variation were analyzed.The res-ults show that the monthly runoff in the source area of the Yangtze River shows a single peak,the peak value appears in July,while it shows a double peak in the source area of the Yellow River,and the peak values appear in July and September respectively.The seasonal and annual average runoff in the source area of the Yangtze River experienced an upward trend in the past 57 years.On the contrary,the annual average,spring and autumn average runoff in the source area of the Yellow River experienced a downward trend,while the runoff variations in summer and winter showed an upward trend.The points of abrupt change of the Yangtze River in 1960 and 1968 are relat-ively reliable.Additionally,there may be an abrupt change around 1998.For the source area of the Yellow River,the abrupt change points in 1960 and 1968 have high reliability.There are 9~10a and 22a cycles of annual runoff in the source region of the Yangtze River,and 4a,7~8a and quasi-16a cycles of annual runoff in the source region of the Yellow River.

关 键 词：长江 黄河 径流 变化特征 

分 类 号：P333.1[天文地球—水文科学]