青海高原气象地质灾害特征及致灾雨量研究  

Characteristics of Meteorological Geology Disasters and Rainfall in Qinghai Plateau

作　　者：白爱娟[1] 朱科旭 管琴[2] BAI Aijuan;ZHU Kexu;GUAN Qin(School of Atmospheric Sciences,Chengdu University of Information Technology,Chengdu 610225,China;Qinghai Meteorological Obversatory,Xining 810000,China;School of Earth and Space Sciences,University of Science and Technology of China,Hefei 230026,China)

机构地区：[1]成都信息工程大学大气科学学院,成都610225 [2]青海省气象台,西宁810000 [3]中国科学技术大学地球和空间科学学院,合肥230026

出　　处：《高原山地气象研究》2021年第4期119-124,共6页Plateau and Mountain Meteorology Research

基　　金：青海省科技计划应用基础研究项目(2020-ZJ-739)。

摘　　要：基于2008~2019年青海地质灾害的灾情记录和CLDAS融合数据,分析青海高原滑坡、泥石流和崩塌等气象地质灾害的时空分布,研究诱发气象地质灾害的降水量和土壤湿度变化特征,确定了灾害预警条件。结果表明:近12a青海高原气象地质灾害共发生了23次,灾害易发区在西宁市、海南州、黄南州和玉树州,7月是气象地质灾害发生次数最多的月份。有效降水量和土壤湿度是气象地质灾害的重要影响因子,灾害预警条件为:当天及前一天有效降水量之和达到10mm或持续有效降水量达到18mm,并同时满足0~10cm和10~40cm的土壤体积含水量差值≤0.03mm^(3)/mm^(3)或其中一个深度的土壤体积含水量≥0.27mm ^(3)/mm^(3)。With the disaster records of geological disasters in Qinghai from 2008 to 2019,and the CLDAS reanalysis precipitation data,the temporal and spatial distribution of meteorological geological disasters such as landslides,debris flows and collapses in Qinghai Plateau was analyzed.The variation characteristics of precipitation and soli moisture were studied,and the warning conditions were determined.The results show that there were 23 disasters in Qinghai Plateau in the past 12 years.Hazard-prone zones were located in Hainan Prefecture,Xining City,Huangnan Prefecture and Yushu Prefecture.July was the most frequent month of disasters.Effective rainfall and soil moisture are important factors affecting meteorological and geological disasters.Warning conditions are as follows:the accumulated effective rainfall on the same day and the previous day reaches 10 mm or the continuous effective precipitation reaches 18 mm;the difference of soil volumetric water content of 0~10 cm and 10~40 cm is less than 0.03mm^(3)/mm^(3),or one of the soil volumetric water content more than 0.27mm^(3)/mm^(3).

关 键 词：青海高原 气象地质灾害 CLDAS融合数据 雨量阈值 土壤湿度 

分 类 号：P426.616[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]