甘蔗DNA分子指纹图谱研究进展  

Research Advances in DNA Molecular Fingerprinting in Sugarcane

作　　者：张慧[1] 林萍萍[1] 黄潮华 黄国强[1] 徐良年[1] 邓祖湖[1] 张木清[2] 赵新旺 ZHANG Hui;LIN Pingping;HUANG Chaohua;HUANG Guoqiang;XU Liangnian;DENG Zuhu;ZHANG Muqing;ZHAO Xinwang(National Engineering Research Center of Sugarcane,Fuzhou 350002;Guangxi Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology,Nanning 530004;Key Lab of Sugarcane Biology and Genetic Breeding,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Fuzhou 350002)

机构地区：[1]福建农林大学国家甘蔗工程技术研究中心,福州350002 [2]广西大学广西甘蔗生物学重点实验室,南宁530004 [3]农业农村部福建甘蔗生物学与遗传育种重点实验室,福州350002

出　　处：《中国糖料》2022年第1期25-32,共8页Sugar Crops of China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31801423);财政部和农业农村部国家现代农业(糖料)产业技术体系项目(CARS-170106)资助。

摘　　要：分子指纹图谱直接反映生物个体在DNA水平上的差异,可有效鉴别植物品种,保护品种权。甘蔗是无性繁殖作物,在生产上更容易造成品种混杂。本文概述了指纹图谱的分类、概念和作用,近年来国内外常见的DNA分子指纹图谱方法(RFLP、RAPD、AFLP、SSR、ISSR、SNP)在甘蔗中的研究进展,以及指纹图谱在甘蔗品种鉴别与育种研究中的应用,探讨了我国甘蔗分子指纹图谱研究中存在的问题,并由此指出构建甘蔗标准指纹图谱库和分子身份证的必要性与迫切性。Molecular fingerprint directly reflects the differences of individual organisms at DNA level,which can effectively identify sugarcane varieties and protect the variety rights.This paper summarized the classification,con⁃cept and function of fingerprinting,the research progress of main DNA molecular fingerprinting methods(RFLP,RAPD,AFLP,ISSR,SSR,SNP)used home and abroad in recent years in sugarcane,and the application of finger⁃printing in sugarcane germplasm resources and breeding.The paper also discussed some problems about molecular fingerprint,and points out the urgency and necessity of constructing the standard fingerprint database and"molecular identity card"for sugarcane in China.

关 键 词：甘蔗 指纹图谱 品种鉴定 分子标记 分子身份证 

分 类 号：S566.1[农业科学—作物学]