甘肃沿黄灌区10个枣树品种叶绿素荧光特性的比较分析  

Chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics comparison of 10 jujube varieties in irrigation area along the Yellow River in Gansu Province

作　　者：张广忠 张露荷 黄华梨 马存世 赵通 胡秉芬 戚建莉 朱红斌 ZHANG Guangzhong;ZHANG Luhe;HUANG Huali;MA Cunshi;ZHAO Tong;HU Bingfen;QI Jianli;ZHU Hongbin(Gansu Research Academy of Forestry Science and Technology,Lanzhou 730020,Gandu,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃省林业科学研究院,甘肃兰州730020

出　　处：《经济林研究》2021年第4期177-184,220,共9页Non-wood Forest Research

基　　金：甘肃省林业科技计划项目(2016kj048);甘肃省林业和草原科技创新项目(kjcx202006);中央财政林业科技推广示范项目(〔2018〕ZYTG 4)。

摘　　要：【目的】比较分析不同枣树品种对光能的利用能力和对甘肃沿黄河灌溉区的环境适应能力,为该区域选择适宜的枣树品种提供理论参考依据。【方法】以‘金谷大枣’‘金昌一号’‘小梨枣’‘孔府酥脆枣’‘骏枣’‘蜂蜜罐’‘马牙白’‘甘酥佛枣’‘晋矮3号’‘壶瓶枣’这10个枣树品种为研究对象,利用LI-6400便携式光合测定分析仪,对其初始荧光(F_(0))、最大荧光(F_(m))、光下最小荧光(F_(0)′)、光下最大荧光(F_(m)′)、稳态荧光(Fs)、光化学量子效率(F_(v)/F_(m))、开放的PSⅡ反应中心的激发能捕获效率(F_(v)′/F_(m)′)、PSⅡ反应中心电荷分离实际量子效率(ΦPSⅡ)、电子传递速率(ETR)、光化学猝灭系数(q_(P))、非光化学猝灭系数(q_(N))等叶绿素荧光参数进行测定。【结果】叶片的初始荧光(F_(0)),10个枣树品种之间不存在显著性差异(P>0.05);叶片的最大荧光(F_(m)),‘蜂蜜罐’与‘甘酥佛枣’显著高于‘金谷大枣’和‘骏枣’;光下最小荧光(F_(0)′),‘孔府酥脆枣’‘马牙白’‘甘酥佛枣’均显著高于‘晋矮3号’;叶片的光化学量子效率(F_(v)/F_(m)),10个枣树品种间不存在显著性差异(P>0.05),其范围值为0.80~0.83,说明这10个枣树品种均未受到环境的胁迫;‘壶瓶枣’的PSⅡ反应中心电荷分离实际量子效率(ΦPSⅡ)显著低于其余9个品种的(P<0.05);光化学猝灭系数(q_(P)),10个枣树品种之间不存在显著性差异(P>0.05)。【结论】‘壶瓶枣’为暗反应的碳同化积累的能量少于其他9个品种的;‘壶瓶枣’和‘晋矮3号’对光合机构的保护能力均较强;与其他9个供试的枣树品种相比,‘壶瓶枣’较高的电子传递速率(ETR)不是由于光抑制程度和PSⅡ反应中心开放程度的不同而造成的,因此推断,‘壶瓶枣’较高的电子传递速率(ETR)是因耗散过剩的激发能以有效保护光合机构而造成的。【Objective】The utilization ability of light energy and environmental adaptability of different jujube varieties were discussed to provide theoretical reference for selecting more suitable jujube varieties in irrigation area along the Yellow River in Gansu Province.【Method】The Chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of 10 jujube varieties including Jingudazao,Jinchangyihao,Xiaolizao,Kongfusuicuizao,Junzao,Fengmiguan,Mayabai,Gansufoza,Jin’aisanhao and Hupingzao,were measured with Li-6400 portable photosynthetic analyzer,including initial fluorescence(F_(0)),maximum fluorescence(F_(m)),minimum fluorescence under light(F_(0)′),maximum fluorescence under light(F_(m)′),steady state fluorescence(F_(s)),photochemical quantum efficiency(F_(v)/F_(m))and excitation energy capture efficiency(F_(v)′/F_(m)′)of the open PSⅡreaction center,PSⅡreaction center charge separation actual quantum efficiency(ΦPSⅡ),electron transfer rate(ETR),photochemical quenching coefficient(q_(P)),non-photochemical quenching coefficient(q_(N)).【Result】The results showed that there was no significant difference in the initial fluorescence(F_(0))among 10 jujube cultivars(P>0.05);the maximum fluorescence(F_(m))of‘Fengmiguan’and‘Gansufozao’was significantly higher than that of‘Jingudazao’and‘Junzao’;the minimum fluorescence(F_(0)′)of‘Kongfusucuizao’,‘Mayabai’and‘Gansufozao’was significantly higher than that of‘Jinaisanhao’;there was no significant difference in photochemical quantum efficiency(F_(v)/F_(m))of leaves among 10 different jujube cultivars(P>0.05),and the range of photochemical quantum efficiency(F_(v)/F_(m))was 0.80-0.83,it indicated that these 10 different jujube cultivars were not stressed by environment;the actual quantum efficiency(ΦPSⅡ)of the charge separation of the PSⅡreaction center of‘Hupingzao’was significantly lower than other cultivars(P<0.05);there was no significant difference in photochemical quenching coefficient(q_(P))among 10 different jujube cultivars(P>0.

关 键 词：枣树 10个品种 叶绿素荧光特性 比较分析 甘肃沿黄河灌溉区 

分 类 号：S665.1[农业科学—果树学]