高原地区采用黑水虻幼虫处理牦牛胃肠内容物研究  

Study on the treatment of yak gastrointestinal contents by Hermetia illucens larvae in Plateau area

作　　者：王苏芹 李永萍 王世荣 黄友钏 李标利 曲家鹏[1,4] Wang Suqin;Li Yongping;Wang Shirong;Huang Youchuan;Li Biaoli;Qu Jiapeng(Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Xining Qinghai 810008;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049;Qinghai Kunjie Environmental Protection Technology Co.,Ltd.,Xining Qinghai 810003;Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Ecological Genomics,Xining Qinghai 810008)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院西北高原生物研究所,青海西宁810008 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]青海昆杰环保科技有限公司,青海西宁810003 [4]青海省动物生态基因组学重点试验室,青海西宁810008

出　　处：《现代畜牧兽医》2021年第12期15-18,共4页Modern Journal of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine

基　　金：青海省科技援青合作项目(2020-QY-219);青海省“科技助力经济2020”重点专项(2020-SF-ZL33)。

摘　　要：为探讨牦牛胃肠内容物(简称牛内)无害化处理和资源化利用的新途径。试验选择6日龄黑水虻幼虫饲养于30个饲养箱中,随机分为6组,每组5个重复。试验期6 d。试验6组分别使用餐厨、牛内、餐厨+秸秆(比例为9∶1)、牛内+秸秆(比例为9∶1)、牛内+餐厨(比例为1∶1)、牛内+餐厨+秸秆(比例为4.5∶4.5∶1)作为黑水虻幼虫的饲料。结果表明,餐厨、餐厨+秸秆组的13日龄黑水虻幼虫产量显著高于其他饲料组(P<0.05),残渣重量及其含水量显著低于其他组(P<0.05)。餐厨、餐厨+秸秆、牛内+餐厨+秸秆组的投产比显著低于牛内、牛内+秸秆、牛内+餐厨组(P<0.05)。餐厨、餐厨+秸秆、牛内+餐厨、牛内+餐厨+秸秆组的饲料消耗率显著高于牛内、牛内+秸秆组(P<0.05)。采用单一餐厨饲料组产生残渣的灰分和脂肪含量显著低于其他饲料组(P<0.05);餐厨、餐厨+秸秆组的蛋白质含量显著低于其他饲料组(P<0.05)。研究表明,黑水虻幼虫可利用于处理牦牛胃肠内容物,添加餐厨垃圾和秸秆能够提高黑水虻幼虫的垃圾处理效率。The experiment was to study the new approach to harmless treatment and resource utilization of yak gastrointestinal contents.Six-day-old Hermetia illucens larvae were reared in 30 terrariums and randomly divided into six groups with five replicates in each group.The experiment lasted six day.The six groups used kitchen,yak gastrointestinal contents,kitchen+straw(the ratio is 9∶1),yak gastrointestinal contents+straw(the ratio is 9∶1),yak gastrointestinal contents+kitchen(the ratio is 1∶1),and yak gastrointestinal contents+kitchen+straw(the ratio is 4.5∶4.5∶1)as feed for Hermetia illucens larvae.The results showed that the yield of 13-day-old Hermetia illucens larvae in the kitchen,kitchen+straw group was significantly higher than other groups(P<0.05),the weight of residue and its water content were significantly lower than other groups(P<0.05).The commissioning ratio of the kitchen,kitchen+straw,yak gastrointestinal contents+kitchen+straw group was significantly lower than the cattle inside,yak gastrointestinal contents+straw and yak gastrointestinal contents+kitchen group(P<0.05).The feed consumption rate of kitchen,kitchen+straw,yak gastrointestinal contents+kitchen,yak gastrointestinal contents+kitchen+straw group was significantly higher than that of yak gastrointestinal contents,yak gastrointestinal contents+straw group(P<0.05).The ash and fat content of the residue produced by the single-kitchen group was significantly lower than that of the other groups(P<0.05),the protein content of the kitchen,kitchen+straw group was significantly lower than that of the other groups(P<0.05).The results show that the Hermetia illucens larvae can be used to treat yak gastrointestinal contents,adding kitchen wastes and straw could improve the waste disposal efficiency of Hermetia illucens larvae.

关 键 词：黑水虻 餐厨垃圾 牦牛胃肠内容物 饲料消耗率 

分 类 号：S811.5[农业科学—畜牧学]