黄土丘陵区深层土壤水分空间分布特征研究  

Study on Spatial Distribution Characteristics of Soil Moisture in Loess Hilly Region

作　　者：赵佰礼 李元臻 张晓华 李文海 李琳 范之军 杨雄 Zhao Baili;Li Yuanzhen;Zhang Xiaohua;Li Wenhai;Li Lin;Fan Zhijun;Yang Xiong(Wuwei Ecological Construction(Group)Limited company,Wuwei,Gansu 733000,China;Talent Exchange Center,Wuwei Human Resources and Security Bureau,Wuwei,Gansu 733000,China)

机构地区：[1]武威市生态建设(集团)有限公司,甘肃武威733000 [2]武威市人力资源与保障局人才交流开发服务中心,甘肃武威733000

出　　处：《绿色科技》2021年第24期176-180,共5页Journal of Green Science and Technology

摘　　要：为了解生态恢复后深层土壤水分空间分布特征,以黄土高原丘陵区纸坊沟小流域为研究对象,对土壤水分在土壤垂直方向、水平方向以及不同土层的分布特征进行了研究。结果表明:在垂直方向上,土壤水分的变化可以分为活跃层、规律变化层和稳定层,且随着坡度的增加土壤含水量减小;阴坡土壤含水量大于阳坡;土壤含水量乔木<灌木<草地<农地;随着退耕年限的增加,土壤含水量减小。小流域土壤水分在水平方向上从南到北有减小的趋势,从东到西也逐渐减小,土壤水分在水平方向上在6.22%~13.8%之间变化。土壤水分在水平方向上南高北低,东高西低的分布格局是气候、植被以及土壤特性共同作用的结果。黄土高原土壤水分水平分布格局整体比较稳定,而且这种稳定的分布格局可能会持续更长时间。小流域在各层土壤水分分布基本一致。整体上都表现为南高北低的分布特征;在中间土层深度范围内,土壤含水量的分布特征很相似,说明在此范围内存在土壤含水量的稳定变化层。深层土壤水分受坡度、坡向、土地利用类型和退耕年限的影响明显,研究结果可为后期生态修复提供参考。In order to understand the spatial distribution characteristics of water in deep soil after ecological restoration,the paper studies the distribution characteristics of soil water in vertical direction,horizontal direction and different soil layers in the small watershed of Zhi Fanggou in the hilly region of Loess Plateau.The results indicate that:In the vertical direction,soil moisture can be divided into active layer,regular layer and stable layer,and the soil moisture decreases with the increase of slope.The soil moisture content on the overhanging slope is greater than that on the overhanging slope.The order is soil water content trees<shrubs<grassland<farmland;The soil moisture content decreased with the increase of the number of years.In the horizontal direction,soil moisture in small watershed decreases from south to north,and gradually decreases from east to west,and varies from 6.22%to 13.8%.The horizontal distribution patterns of soil moisture are the result of the interaction of climate,vegetation and soil characteristics.The horizontal distribution patterns of soil moisture on the Loess Plateau are stable on the whole,and this stable distribution patterns may last for a longer time.The distribution of soil moisture in each layer of a small watershed is basically the same.On the whole,the distribution features are high in south and low in north.Within the depth range of the intermediate soil layer,the distribution characteristics of soil water content are very similar,indicating that there is a stable layer of soil water content within this range.Deep soil moisture is obviously affected by slope,slope direction,land use types and years of returning cultivated land.The research results can provide reference for later ecological restoration.

关 键 词：黄土高原 土壤水分 空间分布 水平变化特征 垂直变化特征 

分 类 号：S152.5[农业科学—土壤学]