枣棉间作复合系统细根分布及对种间地下竞争的影响  

Fine Root Distribution and Effects on Belowground Interspecific Competition in Jujube and Cotton Intercropping System

作　　者：王沛娟 李玲 翟云龙[1] 曹娟[1] 李燕芳 吴全忠[1] 万素梅[1] 陈国栋[1] Wang Peijuan;Li Ling;Zhai Yunlong;Cao Juan;Li Yanfang;Wu Quanzhong;Wan Sumei;Chen Guodong(College of Plant Sciences,Tarim University,Alear 843300,China)

机构地区：[1]塔里木大学植物科学学院,新疆阿拉尔843300

出　　处：《山东农业科学》2021年第12期25-32,共8页Shandong Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31601272,31560377);塔里木大学校长基金项目(TDZKJC201606)。

摘　　要：为给新疆地区枣棉间作系统的配置提供技术依据,本试验设棉花距树行间距1.45m(Int2)、1.0m(Int4)、0.5m(Int6)3个间作处理,以枣树单作为对照(CK),采用分层取样法对枣棉间作系统、枣树单作进行根系取样,定量研究间作枣树和间作棉花细根分布和种间地下竞争状况。结果表明:枣棉间作系统及枣树单作,枣树的细根在水平方向0.5~1.0m区域和垂直方向土层深度为0~60cm处分布最密集;棉花细根分布随着不同配置模式的变化而变化,各处理垂直方向细根主要分布在0~40cm土层,而水平方向Int2处理主要分布在1.5m处,Int4处理分布在1.0~1.5m处,Int6处理在整个取样区域均有分布。相关分析表明,枣树单作、棉花Int2处理根长密度在两个方向上的差异均未达显著水平,枣树Int4处理根长密度的相关性最大,而棉花根长密度Int6处理的相关性最大。整个取样区内,除Int4处理水平方向及各处理水平方向1.0~1.5m处棉花-枣树的竞争能力强于枣树-棉花的竞争能力外,其余均为枣树-棉花的地下资源竞争占绝对优势。根长密度的相关性分析及间作系统种间地下竞争分析表明,最适合推广种植的枣棉间作复合系统为Int4处理,即两行枣树间作4行棉花,其种间地下竞争较其它处理都小。In order to provide scientific bases for allocation of jujube-cotton intercropping system in Xinjiang,the fine root distribution and belowground interspecific competetion were quantitatively analyzed.The intercropping treatments were set with the line spacing between cotton and jujube at 1.45 m(Int2),1.0 m(Int4)and 0.5 m(Int6).The single cropping of jujube was used as control(CK).The layered sampling method was used for sampling.The results showed that the fine roots of jujube trees were the most densely distributed in the horizontal direction at 0.5~1.0 m and in the vertical direction at 0~60 cm.The cotton fine root distribution changed with different configuration modes.In the vertical direction of each treatment,the fine roots were mainly distributed at the soil depth of 0~40 cm.In the horizontal direction,the fine roots of Int2 treatment were mainly distributed at 1.5 m,those of Int4 treatment were distributed at 1.0~1.5 m,and those of Int6 treatment were distributed throughout the sampling area.The correlation analysis showed that the root length density of single-cropping jujube trees and cotton in the Int2 treatment did not reach significant levels in both directions.The correlation coefficient of root length density of jujube trees in the Int4 treatment was the largest,while that of cotton in the Int6 treatment was the largest.In the entire sampling area,except for the Int4 treatment in horizontal direction and other treatments at 1.0~1.5 m in horizontal direction,the jujube-cotton competition for belowground resources dominated the advantages compared with the cotton-jujube competition.In conclusion,the Int4 treatment with 4 lines of cotton between 2 lines of jujube trees was the most suitable intercropping mode,whose belowground competetion was lower.

关 键 词：枣棉间作 细根分布 相关性分析 种间地下竞争 

分 类 号：S562.047[农业科学—作物学] S665.146