不同碳基有机肥用量对邵阳烟区土壤及上部烟叶品质的影响  

Effects of Different Amounts of Carbon-Based Organic Fertilizers on Quality of Soil and Upper Tobacco Leaves in Shaoyang Tobacco Area

作　　者：汪坤 张海涛 姬小明[1] 隆准 戴勇强 刘国顺[1] 邹凯 Wang Kun;Zhang Haitao;Ji Xiaoming;Long Zhun;Dai Yongqiang;Liu Guoshun;Zou Kai(Tobacco College,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou 450002,China;Nanchang Cigarette Factory of China Tobacco Jiangxi Industry Co.,Ltd.,Nanchang 330000,China;Shaoyang Branch of Hunan Tobacco Company,Shaoyang 422200,China)

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学烟草学院,河南郑州450002 [2]江西中烟工业有限责任公司南昌卷烟厂,江西南昌330000 [3]湖南省烟草公司邵阳市公司,湖南邵阳422200

出　　处：《山东农业科学》2021年第12期124-129,共6页Shandong Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：中国烟草总公司湖南省公司项目“湖南高端卷烟原料定制化开发”(18-20Aa01);湖南省烟草公司邵阳市公司项目“黄金叶”高香高浓上部烟原料开发(18-20Aa01)。

摘　　要：本试验以云烟87为材料,采用随机区组试验设计,设置5个碳基有机肥处理梯度(0、450、750、1050、1350 kg/hm^(2)),研究碳基有机肥用量对烟草不同生育期根际土壤速效养分、土壤酶活性及烤后烟叶品质的影响。结果表明:碳基有机肥各处理均增加土壤pH值、有机质、碱解氮、速效钾、速效磷含量,较CK最大增幅分别达17.03%、34.49%、68.97%、121.28%、76.18%;随着碳基有机肥用量的增加,蔗糖酶、脲酶活性均呈现先升高后降低的趋势,较CK的最大增幅分别为80.53%、139.98%;碳基有机肥的施用,增加烤烟总糖、还原糖、钾含量,分别较CK最大增加2.19、3.14、0.27个百分点,钾氯比和糖碱比较CK分别显著增加10.53%和25.93%;碳基有机肥能够提升烟叶多酚物质总量、中性致香物质含量和感官质量评吸得分,均以基施1050 kg/hm^(2)处理最高,分别较CK显著增加7.35%、18.06%和4.59%。综上,本试验条件下以基施1050 kg/hm^(2)碳基有机肥对改善烟草根际土壤理化特性、提高上部烟叶品质具有较好的促进效果。In this experiment,Yunyan 87 was used as material,and five carbon-based organic fertilizer treatments(0,450,750,1050,1350 kg/hm^(2))were set.By using randomized block experiment design,the effects of different application amount of carbon-based organic fertilizer on the available nutrients of rhizosphere soil,soil enzyme activities and quality of flue-cured tobacco at different growth stages were studied.The results showed that the soil pH value,the contents of organic matter,alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen,available potassium and available phosphorus were increased after treated with carbon-based organic fertilizer,and their maximum increase were 17.03%,34.49%,68.97%,121.28%and 76.18%,respectively compared with CK.With the increase of the amount of carbon-based organic fertilizer,the activities of sucrase and urease increased at first and then decreased,and their maximal increase amplitude were 80.53%and 139.98%respectively compared with CK.The application of carbon-based organic fertilizer increased the contents in total sugar,reducing sugar and potassium in tobacco leaves,which increased by 2.19,3.14 and 0.27 percentage points respectively compared with CK;the ratio of potassium to chlorine and sugar to alkali significantly increased by 10.53%and 25.93%respectively.Carbon-based organic fertilizers could increase the total amount of polyphenols,neutral aroma substances contents and sensory quality evaluation scores of tobacco leaves,among which,T3 treatment had the largest content,which increased by 7.35%,18.06%and 4.59%respectively compared with CK.In summary,under this experimental conditions,basal application of 1050 kg/hm^(2) carbon-based organic fertilizer had certain promoting effects on improving the physical and chemical properties of rhizosphere soil and the quality of upper tobacco leaves.

关 键 词：碳基有机肥 烤烟 上部叶质量 土壤速效养分 土壤酶活性 

分 类 号：S572.01[农业科学—烟草工业] S141[农业科学—作物学]