高温热采地层硫化氢生成实验研究  

Experimental Research on H_(2)S Generation by Thermal Recovery at High Temperature

作　　者：姬辉[1] 孙玉豹[1] 肖洒[1] 王少华[1] Ji Hui;Sun Yubao;Xiao Sa;Wang Shaohua(China Oilfield Services Limited,Tianjin 300459)

机构地区：[1]中海油田服务股份有限公司,天津300459

出　　处：《中外能源》2021年第12期54-57,共4页Sino-Global Energy

摘　　要：地层在稠油热采高温环境下会产生硫化氢,对井下管柱和工具造成腐蚀和开裂。热采过程中硫化氢的主要成因为原油中的含硫有机质热裂解和储层中热化学还原反应。为了分析各个因素对硫化氢生成的影响,进行了地层岩心的热模拟实验以及原油在不同条件下的裂解实验,同时考虑了注热温度对硫化氢生成的影响。实验结果表明,稠油热采过程中硫化氢的产生是多种因素共同作用的结果:硫酸盐热化学还原反应生成硫化氢是稠油井产生硫化氢的主要途径,地层水条件下比蒸汽锅炉注入水产生更多硫化氢说明地层水硫酸根参与了反应,同时实验也证明了地层中黄铁矿等含硫矿物质也参与了反应。原油中含硫有机质热裂解是产生硫化氢的第二途径,原油在有水的条件下有机质裂解产生的硫化氢更多,250℃条件下可以完成大部分原油裂解作用。H_(2)S will be generated at high temperature during thermal recovery,leading to corrosion and crack of downhole tubing and tools.The main cause of the underground H_(2)S generation is pyrolysis of organic sulfur compounds in crude oil and thermochemical sulfate reduction in the reservoir.In order to analyze the influ-ence of the factors on H_(2)S generation,thermal simulation experiments of formation core and pyrolysis experiments of the crude oil under different conditions are carried out with consideration of injection temperature.The results show that the H_(2)S is generated under the effect of multiple factors during thermal recovery :the main generation mechanism is thermochemical sulfate reduction for the heavy oil well.More H_(2)S is generated from the formation water than that from injected water of steam boiler,and it shows that sulfate in the formation water takes part in the reaction;the experiments also prove that pyrite and other sulfur-bearing minerals take part in the reaction.The secondary mechanism is the pyrolysis of organic sulfur compounds in the crude oil.More H_(2)S is generated by organic matter pyrolysis when oil encounters water,and this process is nearly done at 250℃.

关 键 词：有机质热裂解 硫化氢 腐蚀 热化学还原反应 

分 类 号：TE357.44[石油与天然气工程—油气田开发工程]