氰化尾渣无害化处理的研究  

Study on Harmless Treatment of Cyanide Tailings

作　　者：王辉 王磊 Wang Hui;Wang Lei(Weihai Hengbang Chemical Co.,Ltd.,Weihai Shandong 264501)

机构地区：[1]威海恒邦化工有限公司,山东威海264501

出　　处：《中外能源》2021年第12期76-81,共6页Sino-Global Energy

摘　　要：按照2021版国家危险废物名录,含氰化物的尾渣及处理含氰化物废水产生的污泥属于危险废弃物,如何对氰化尾渣进行脱氰处理,使其满足相应豁免条件,按照一般废弃物进行处理,具有很高的研究意义。提出"压滤-洗涤"的脱氰方案及"吹脱-吸收"的氰化物回收方案,并对方案进行实验研究,获得液固比、洗涤次数、pH值等因素对脱氰效果影响的数据,以及pH值、液气比、解吸-吸收级数等因素对氰化物回收效果影响的数据。在实验基础上,进行了工业验证,按照提出方案对氰化尾渣进行无害化处理,经处理的尾渣按照GB 5085.3—2007《危险废物鉴别标准之浸出毒性鉴别》进行浸出毒性分析,氰化物含量小于5.0mg/L,符合一般固体废弃物的标准要求,达到危险废弃物豁免条件。同时在处理过程中对氰化物进行了回收利用,实现了环保效益和经济效益的双收益。According to the Directory of National Hazardous Wastes(Version 2021),cyanide-containing tailings and the sludge generated from the treatment of cyanide-containing wastewater belong to dangerous wastes.The cyanide removal of cyanide tailings is of great research significance for the cyanide-containing tailings to meet the corresponding exemption conditions and be treated as general wastes.The cyanide removal scheme of press filtration and washing and the cyanide recovery scheme of air stripping and absorption were put forward,and experimental study was carried out on these schemes to obtain the data on the influence of liquid-solid ratio,number of washing,p H and other factors on cyanide removal effect as well as the data on the influence of pH,liquid-gas ratio,desorption-absorption stages and other factors on cyanide recovery effect.Industrial verification was carried out on the basis of the experiments,and the harmless treatment of cyanide tailings was carried out in accordance with the schemes proposed.The extraction toxicity analysis of the treat-ed tailings was carried out according to Identification Standards for Hazardous Wastes-Identification for Extraction Toxicity(GB 5085.3—2007).The cyanide content was less than 5.0 mg/L,meeting the standard for general solid waste and the hazardous waste exemption conditions.At the same time,the cyanide was recovered for use,achieving both environmental protection benefit and economic benefit.

关 键 词：氰化尾渣 危险废弃物 脱氰 氰化物回收 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]