一起人类偏肺病毒感染引起的聚集性发热疫情调查  

Investigation of a clustering outbreak of fever caused by human metapneumovirus

作　　者：李洋[1] 刘锋[1] 金丽娜 LI Yang;LIU Feng;JIN Li-na(Beijing Haidian District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 100094,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市海淀区疾病预防控制中心,北京100094

出　　处：《热带医学杂志》2021年第11期1495-1496,F0003,共3页Journal of Tropical Medicine

摘　　要：目的分析北京市海淀区某小学发生的一起人类偏肺病毒(hMPV)感染引起的聚集性发热疫情流行特征和发生原因,为今后疫情防控工作提供参考。方法采用电话调查和现场流行病学调查方法,对发病学生进行调查,对校医和班主任进行访谈调查并察看教学环境,采集发病班级的病例咽拭子标本,开展常见呼吸道多病原检测。结果首例病例11月23日发病,末例病例12月4日,经过6 d最长潜伏期无新发病例出现,历时12 d疫情结束。本起疫情共有19例病例,均为一(7)班学生,罹患率为45.24%(19/42)。男生罹患率56.52%(13/23),女生罹患率31.58%(6/19),发病差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=2.613,P>0.05)。无住院和重症病例。临床症状以发热(100%)、咳嗽(100%)为主。血常规检测中,单核细胞项目有升高表现。实验室检测7份咽拭子标本,6份标本人类偏肺病毒核酸阳性(85.71%),其他病毒未检出。结论感染人类偏肺病毒的学生带病上课导致的聚集性发热疫情,学校应加强患病学生的隔离管理。Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of a cluster of fever caused by human metapneumovirus(h MPV)in a primary school in Haidian district,Beijing,and provide basis for better prevention and control.Methods A field epidemiological investigation and telephone survey were conducted to collect the information from students with fever,school doctors and class tutor,as well as the basic situation of the primary school environment.The throat swabs were collected and the RT-PCR was used to detect respiratory pathogen.Results The outbreak lasted for 12 days with the first case occurred on November 23,and the last case occurred on December 4,and there were no cases occurred again with a maximum incubation period of 6 days.A total of 19 cases were found in the grade 1 class 7 with no hospitalizations or severe case reported.The attack rate of was 45.24%(19/42)in students,while 56.52%(13/23)for the male and 31.58%(6/19)for the female(χ^(2)=2.613,P>0.05).The symptoms mainly included fever(100%)and cough(100%).MONO of most cases was elevated in blood routine exam.The throat swabs from 7 cases were collected and the detection of the nucleic acids showed that 6 swabs were positive for hMPV(85.71%).Conclusions The outbreak of fever among students was caused by human metapneumovirus.The main mode of transmission was close contact with the infected students.The isolation management for infected students in school should be strengthened.

关 键 词：人类偏肺病毒 发热 暴发 

分 类 号：R725.1[医药卫生—儿科]