红外光电式冲击速度测量装置的研制  

Development of an Infrared Photoelectric Impact Velocity Measuring Instrument

作　　者：方南家[1] 伍沛刚[1] FANG Nanjia;WU Peigang(Shenzhen Academy of Metrology&Quality Inspection,Shenzhen 518055,China)

机构地区：[1]深圳市计量质量检测研究院,深圳518055

出　　处：《计量科学与技术》2021年第12期22-25,44,共5页Metrology Science and Technology

摘　　要：为了解决落锤冲击试验机能量损失的校准难题,针对现有装置无法高精度、低成本地测量冲击速度,研制了一种利用光电式传感器测量冲击速度的便携式速度测量装置。该装置主要由槽形红外光电式传感器、两个固定距离的圆柱、多功能脉冲表及磁力表座组成。落锤以一定速度冲击的同时带动两个固定距离的圆柱穿过传感器,多功能脉冲表读取传感器两次遮挡之间的时间间隔,根据两个圆柱的距离及时间间隔计算出冲击速度。依据校准参数,建立数学模型,并完成测量不确定度的评估。在冲击速度不大于10 m/s的测量范围内,该装置最大误差在±0.25%以内,可广泛应用于包装体横向冲击、斜面冲击、垂直冲击等速度的检测。In order to calibrate energy loss of drop hammer impact testing machines,a portable speed measuring device using a photoelectric sensor to measure the impact speed was developed.The device is mainly composed of a grooved infrared photoelectric sensor,two fixed distance cylinders,a multifunctional pulse meter and a magnetic meter base.The measurement principle:when the hammer falls at a certain speed,it drives two cylinders with a fixed distance in between to go through the sensor one after the other.A multi-functional pulse meter reads the time interval between the two cylinders covering the sensor,and then the impact speed is calculated based on the distance and time interval between the cylinders.Based on the calibration parameters,a mathematical model was established and the measurement uncertainty was evaluated.For impact speeds not greater than 10 m/s,the maximum error of measurements is within±0.25%.The device can be used to measure the speed of transverse impacts,inclined impacts,and vertical impacts of packaging.

关 键 词：落锤冲击试验机 冲击速度 校准 红外光电式传感器 不确定度 

分 类 号：TH87[机械工程—仪器科学与技术]