新疆柳树叶锈病栅锈菌的形态学特征及系统学分析  

Morphological Characteristics and Phylogenetic Analysis of Melampsora Species on Willow Leaf Rustin Xinjiang of China

作　　者：王丽丽 李克梅 王金铭 努尔斯曼姑丽·艾海提 田呈明[1] WANG Lili;LI Kemei;WANG Jinming;Nursimangul·aihaiti;TIAN Chengming(The Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation of Ministry of Education,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China;College of Agronomy,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Key Laboratory of the Pest Monitoring and Safety Control of Crops and Forests,Urumqi 830052,China)

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学/省部共建森林培育与保护教育部重点实验室,北京100083 [2]新疆农业大学农学院/农林有害生物监测与安全防控重点实验室,乌鲁木齐830052

出　　处：《西北农业学报》2021年第12期1889-1897,共9页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica

基　　金：南京农业大学“植物保护学院教育部/农业部重点实验室开放基金”合作项目;自治区级大学生创新项目(S202010758022)。

摘　　要：柳树是新疆林木主要树种之一,由栅锈菌属(Melampsora)引起的柳树叶锈病在新疆地区普遍发生,且病原菌种类多样。为探清新疆柳树锈病病原的种类组成、寄主范围及分布,在全疆各生境采集该病害,以夏孢子和冬孢子阶段形态学与系统发育学(ITS和LSU序列)相结合对其开展分类鉴定,并探讨寄主范围与分布地特征。结果表明:共鉴定出9种栅锈菌,其中米黄柳栅锈菌(M.salicis-michelsonii)、扁桃栅锈菌(M.amygdalinae)、云南柳栅锈菌(M.salicis-cavaleriei)、黄花柳栅锈菌(M.salicis-sinicae)、北极栅锈菌(M.arctica)、伊朗栅锈菌(M.iranica)、松柳栅锈菌(M.larici-epitea)、白柳栅锈菌(M.salicis-albae)、银柳栅锈菌(M.salicis-argyraceae)为已知种。寄主涉及柳属(Salix)14种,其中银柳(S.argyracea)、蓝叶柳(S.capusii)、伊犁柳(S.iliensis)、绿叶柳(S.metaglauca)、米黄柳(S.michelsonii)、锯齿柳(S.serrulatifolia)、准噶尔柳(S.songarica)和天山柳(S.tianschanica)为锈菌寄主新记录种。该研究可为新疆真菌多样性及林木病害诊断防治研究提供理论依据。Willow is one of the main species of forest trees in Xinjiang,willow leaf rust caused by Melampsora is common in Xinjiang,and has many types of pathogens.In order to explore the species diversity,host range and distribution of the pathogen of willow rust in Xinjiang,the samples from various habitats in Xinjiang were collected and the morphology and phylogeny(ITS and LSU sequence) at uredinial and telial stages were classified and identified,and the host range and distribution characteristics were discussed.The results showed that nine Melampsora species,including M.salicis-michelsonii,M.amygdalinae,M.salicis-cavaleriei,M.salicis-sinicae,M.arctica,M.iranica,M.larici-epitea,M.salicis-albae and M.salicis-argyraceae,were identified.Among the 14 infected host species under Salix,eight species,including S.argyracea,S.capusii,S.iliensis,S.metaglauca,S.michelsonii,S.serrulatifolia,S.songarica and S.tianschanica,were the new records for rust host.This study provides a theoretical basis for the diagnosis and control of fungal diversity and forest diseases in Xinjiang,and also provides a basis for the further study of fungal diversity and diagnosis and control of forest diseases in Xinjiang.

关 键 词：柳属 锈菌 形态特征 ITS序列 LSU序列 新疆 

分 类 号：S435[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]