沼渣沼液对辣椒矿质养分、产量及土壤特性的影响  

Effects of biogas slurry on mineral nutrient,yield and soil characteristics of pepper

作　　者：孟清波 马万成 张谨薇 冯倩 李青云[1] MENG Qingbo;MA Wancheng;ZHANG Jinwei;FENG Qian;LI Qingyun(College of Horticulture,Hebei Agricultural University,Hebei Vegetable Industry Collaborative Innovation Centre,Baoding 071001,Hebei,China;People's Government of Gaocun Town,Wuqing District,Tianjin 301700,China)

机构地区：[1]河北省蔬菜产业协同创新中心·河北农业大学园艺学院,河北保定071001 [2]天津市武清区高村镇人民政府,天津301700

出　　处：《中国瓜菜》2021年第12期77-81,共5页China Cucurbits And Vegetables

基　　金：河北省现代农业产业技术体系蔬菜创新团队(HBCT2018030211);保定市科技计划项目(1911N001);国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金项目(CARS-24-G-03)。

摘　　要：为筛选适合露地辣椒生产的化肥减施增效技术,以簇生朝天椒辣椒王为试材,通过追施沃森复合肥(CK)、沃森复合肥+喷施沼液叶面肥(T1)、根施沼渣腐殖酸冲施肥+喷施沼液叶面肥(T2)3种施肥处理,研究了不同施肥处理对辣椒植株的矿质养分含量、土壤特性以及产量的影响。结果表明,T2处理可以明显提高辣椒土壤速效养分和有机质含量,比CK增加8.52%和13.52%;增加土壤微生物群落数量,细菌、真菌和放线菌数量较CK增加了22.68%、125.14%和11.41%;全株N、P、K总量最高,分别比T1处理和CK高13.71%和5.27%;T2处理和T1处理产量均最高,分别比CK高6.04%和5.87%。表明追施沼渣沼液肥增加辣椒土壤中细菌、真菌和放线菌数量,改善土壤微生态环境,促进辣椒吸收并运输N、P和K,增加辣椒产量,在一定程度上达到了化肥减施增效的目的,提高了农业资源利用率,保护了生态环境。To screen the chemical fertilizer reduction and efficiency enhancement technology suitable for the production of open-field pepper(Chili king),the effects of different fertilization treatments on the mineral nutrient content,soil characteristics and yield of the pepper.In this study,we used three fertilization treatments:Watson compound fertilizer(CK),Watson compound fertilizer+spraying of biogas slurry leaf fertilizer(T1),root application of biogas residue humic acid flushing fertilizer,+spraying of biogas slurry leaf fertilizer(T2).The results showed that the T2 treatment could significantly increase the available nutrients and organic matter contents by 8.52%and 13.52%.,the number of bacteria,fungi,and actinomycetes increased by 22.68%125.14%and 11.41%Compared with CK treatment,respectively.The total amount of N,P,K in the whole plant was 13.71%and 5.27%,respectively,higher than T1 and CK treatment.The yield of T2 and T1 was the highest:6.04%and 5.87%,compared to CK.The results indicated that the application of biogas residue biogas slurry fertilizer increases the number of bacteria,fungi and actinomycetes in the soil,improves the soil micro ecological environment,promotes the absorption and transportation of N,P,K,and increases the yield.This study provides the beneficial aspects of reducing the application of chemical fertilizers and increasing efficiency,improving agricultural resource utilization rate,and protecting the ecological environment.

关 键 词：辣椒 沼渣沼液肥 土壤理化性质 土壤微生物 

分 类 号：S641.3[农业科学—蔬菜学]