大线密度高强高模聚乙烯醇纤维的制备及结构性能研究  

Preparation and structural properties of high-strength and high-modulus polyvinyl alcohol fibers with high linear density

作　　者：许永静[1] 邓忠华 丁晓峰 邹黎明[1] 王华君 安茂华 XU Yongjing;DENG Zhonghua;DING Xiaofeng;ZOU Liming;WANG Huajun;AN Maohua(State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials,College of Material Science and Engineering,Donghua University,Shanghai,201620;Yong′an Baohualin Industrial Development Co.,Ltd.,Fujian 366000;China Nonwovens&Industrial Textiles Association,Beijing 100020)

机构地区：[1]东华大学材料科学与工程学院纤维材料改性国家重点实验室,上海201620 [2]永安市宝华林实业发展有限公司,福建366000 [3]中国产业用纺织品行业协会,北京100020

出　　处：《合成纤维工业》2021年第6期6-11,共6页China Synthetic Fiber Industry

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFB0303200)。

摘　　要：采用水和聚乙二醇(质量比为121)作为环保型增塑剂与聚乙烯醇(PVA)切片以质量比为4555的比例共混增塑制得改性PVA树脂,将改性PVA树脂通过增塑熔融-湿法纺丝法制备大线密度高强高模PVA纤维,研究了改性PVA树脂的纺丝工艺及其纤维的结构与性能。结果表明:在喷丝板孔数43、孔径0.8 mm、螺杆直径25 mm、螺杆长径比241、孔长度2.1 mm,螺杆温度采取先低温到高温,再高温到低温的分配方式,喷丝头拉伸倍数1.38、总拉伸倍数16.50的条件下制得PVA纤维,其纤维截面为腰圆形,直径为39.2μm;纤维的熔融温度为242℃;纤维的结晶度和取向度分别为59.0%和96.9%;纤维的线密度为15.0 dtex、断裂强度为14.22 cN/dtex、初始模量为316.00 cN/dtex、断裂伸长率为6.24%。A modified polyvinyl alcohol(PVA)resin was prepared by blending plasticization using water and polyethylene glycol(mass ratio of 121)as environmental-friendly plasticizer added into polyvinyl alcohol(PVA)chips at a mass ratio of 4555 and was produced into PVA fiber with high linear density,high strength and high modulus by plasticizing melting-wet spinning process.The spinning process of the modified PVA resin and the structure and properties of PVA fiber were studied.The results showed that PVA fiber with ovaloid cross section and the diameter of 39.2μm was prepared under the conditions of spinneret hole number 43,hole diameter 0.8 mm,screw diameter 25 mm,screw length diameter ratio 241,hole length 2.1 mm,screw temperature distribution from low temperature to high temperature and then to low temperature,spinneret draw ratio 1.38 and total draw ratio 16.50;and the obtained fiber had the melting temperature of 242℃,crystallinity 59.0%,degree of orientation 96.9%,linear density 15.0 dtex,breaking strength 14.22 cN/dtex,initial modulus 316.00 cN/dtex,elongation at break 6.24%.

关 键 词：聚乙烯醇纤维 环保增塑剂 增塑熔融-湿法纺丝法 高强高模 线密度 制备 结构 性能 

分 类 号：TQ342.41[化学工程—化纤工业]