利用ArcGIS和Excel提取面积高程积分曲线的方法  

Method of Extracting Hypsometric Curve by ArcGIS and Excel

作　　者：褚永彬[1] 朱利东[2] 杨文光[2] 卞玉霞 崔林林[1] CHU Yong-bin;ZHU Li-dong;YANG Wen-guang;BIAN Yu-xia;CUI Lin-lin(College of Resources and Environment, Chengdu University of Information Technology, Chengdu 610224, China;Institute of Sedimentary Geology, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610051, China)

机构地区：[1]成都信息工程大学资源环境学院,成都610224 [2]成都理工大学沉积地质研究院,成都610051

出　　处：《科学技术与工程》2021年第36期15372-15377,共6页Science Technology and Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41972118);四川省科技计划重点研发项目(2020YFG0144);四川省教育厅项目(18ZB0121);成都市技术创新研发项目(2019-YF05-02641-SN)。

摘　　要：面积高程积分(hypsometric integral,HI)可以定量地描述流域地貌演化阶段,是定量地貌分析的重要方法之一,得到了广泛应用。但目前常用的方法是高程起伏比法,仅能得到结果值,无法绘制可视化的积分曲线。提出一种利用ArcGIS和Excel提取并绘制HI曲线的方法。该方法首先在理解HI含义的基础上,分析了流域的数字高程模型(digital elevation model,DEM)数据的特点。分析结果表明:其属性表存储的是高程值及对应的栅格个数,其中栅格个数可转化为面积。据此特征,利用ArcGIS提取流域DEM并构建其属性表,然后利用Excel计算属性表中高程值及高程值以上的流域面积,从而得到一系列面积-高程数值对。此数值序列即为绘制HI曲线的基础。以大通河流域为例进行了方法的说明和验证。计算结果与高程起伏比法相一致。所提方法无须编程,简便易操作,便于面积高程积分方法的广泛使用。Hypsometric integral(HI)can quantitatively describe the geomorphic evolution stage of the drainage basin.It is one of the important methods of quantitative geomorphic analysis and is widely used.However,the commonly used method is the elevation fluctuation ratio method,which can only get the result value and can not draw the visual integral curve.In order to resolve this problem,a method of extracting and drawing HI curve by using ArcGIS and Excel was proposed.Firstly,on the basis of understanding the meaning of HI,the characteristics of watershed digital elevation model data(DEM)were analyzed.The analysis results show that the attribute table stores the elevation value and the corresponding number of grids,in which the number of grids can be converted into area.According to this feature,the watershed DEM was extracted by ArcGIS and its attribute table was constructed.And then the elevation value and its corresponding watershed area were calculated from the attribute table by Excel,so as to obtained a series of area-altitude pairs.The HI curve was drawn by using this numerical sequence.The method was illustrated by Datong River Basin as an example.The results are consistent with the elevation fluctuation ratio method.The proposed method needs no programming,is simple and easy to operate,and is convenient for the wide use of area elevation integration method.

关 键 词：面积高程积分曲线 ARCGIS EXCEL 数字高程模型(DEM) 大通河 

分 类 号：P931[天文地球—自然地理学]