日本鹌鹑胚胎发育的形态学特征  

Morphological Characteristics of Developing Embryo of Japanese Quail by Candling Egg

作　　者：毛坤明 MAO Kun-ming(Fuqing Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Center,Fuqing 350300,China)

机构地区：[1]福建省福清市畜牧兽医中心,福建福清350300

出　　处：《中国兽医杂志》2021年第8期48-54,58,共8页Chinese Journal of Veterinary Medicine

摘　　要：本试验使用受精的日本鹌鹑白壳蛋孵化,每间隔24 h实施照蛋及解剖观察,并拍照以图谱形式展现,描述了日本鹌鹑孵化过程中的胚体外组织在蛋壳膜内表面吸附、发展、分布的形态变化,以及卵白、卵黄、胚胎和胚体外组织在蛋壳内的解剖形态学特征和相对体位。结果显示,孵化的前7天,日本鹌鹑胚胎的各器官在发育构建中,形态变化很大;8 d以后,器官主要是发展增大,形态变化不大。绒毛尿囊膜5 d开始紧贴着蛋壳膜向锐端扩展,8 d在锐端吻合成囊状,9~12 d其毛细血管定植穿入蛋壳膜,水分由此渗出,使蛋壳的乳头层溶解、乳化,多糖、矿物质等得以输送进入胚胎。本试验为深度探索鹑胚或其胚体外组织提供了直观的形态学特征和体位信息,也有助于更详细地揭示胚蛋各营养成分的吸收和转化过程。Fertilized eggs of Japanese quail Coturnix japonica were incubated,then candled and dissected at intervals of 24 h,and photographed.Morphological changes of extra-embryonic tissues which adhered to the inner surface of the eggshell membrane,developed and distributed during the hatching,were described,together with the anatomical and morphological characters and relative positions of the egg white,yolk,embryos and extra-embryonic tissues in the hatching eggs.The results showed that in the first 7 days of incubation,the organs of Japanese quail embryo were developing,and changed greatly in morphology.After day 8,the organs increased much but changed little morphologically.From day 5,the chorioallantoic membrane(CAM)expanded along the shell membrane toward the sharp end,and closed at there on day 8.During days 9-12,the capillary of CAM implanted into the shell membrane,and the water seeped,to dissolve and emulsify the mammillary layer of the shell,so that polysaccharide and minerals can be transported into the embryo.The visual morphological features and postural information described in this study will facilitate in-depth investigation on the quail embryo or its extra-embryonic tissues,and also enable detailed research on the absorption and transformation of nutrient components in egg.

关 键 词：日本鹌鹑 胚胎发育 胚体外组织 绒毛尿囊膜 照蛋 形态发生学 

分 类 号：S852.1[农业科学—基础兽医学]