核壳结构树状大分子的设计及其生物医学应用  

Design and biomedical applications of core-shell tecto dendrimers

作　　者：宋聪 汪大圆 沈明武[1] 史向阳[1] SONG Cong;WANG Da-yuan;SHEN Ming-wu;SHI Xiang-yang(College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China)

机构地区：[1]东华大学化学化工与生物工程学院,上海201620

出　　处：《基础医学与临床》2022年第1期15-25,共11页Basic and Clinical Medicine

基　　金：上海市科学技术委员会项目(19410740200,21490711500,19XD1400100,20520710300);国家自然科学基金(81761148028,21773026)。

摘　　要：核壳结构树状大分子(core-shell tecto dendrimers,CSTDs)是一类以相对高代树状大分子为核、相对低代树状大分子为壳的超结构树状大分子纳米体系。越来越多的研究表明,利用不同代的聚酰胺-胺[poly(amidoamine),PAMAM]树状大分子作为反应模块构建的CSTDs不仅具有比相对高代树状大分子更优异的理化性能,还克服了单代树状大分子在医学应用上的一些局限性(如有限的载药量和EPR效应等)。在此,本文综述了近年来CSTDs的几种制备方法,并分类介绍了基于CSTDs的纳米平台在生物学成像、化疗、基因治疗以及联合治疗等方面的应用。最后,结合CSTDs研究现状分析了其当前在生物医学领域中的挑战和机遇。Core-shell tecto dendrimers(CSTDs)are a kind of superstructured dendrimeric nanoconstructs with relatively high-generation dendrimers as the cores and low-generation dendrimers as the shells.Recently,there is growing evidence that the performance of CSTDs constructed with poly(amidoamine)(PAMAM)dendrimers of different generations as reactive modules is not only superior to that of single-generation dendrimers,but also overcomes some biomedical limitations(e.g.,restricted drug loading capacity,limited tumor passive targeting based on enhanced permeability and retention effect)of single-generation dendrimers.Herein,the design of CSTDs for biological imaging,chemotherapy,gene therapy,and combination therapy are reviewed.The current challenges and future development prospects of CSTDs in the field of biomedicine are also analyzed.

关 键 词：核壳结构树状大分子 聚酰胺-胺树状大分子 合成 成像 治疗 

分 类 号：Q819[生物学—生物工程]