3D打印眼模型在医学生直接检眼镜教学中的应用  

Application of 3D printed eye model in direct ophthalmoscopy training for medical students

作　　者：吴婵[1] 刘雨桐 戴荣平[1] 张美芬[1] 钟勇[1] 陈有信[1] WU Chan;LIU Yu-tong;DAI Rong-ping;ZHANG Mei-fen;ZHONG Yong;CHEN You-xin(Department of Ophthalmology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, CAMS & PUMC, Beijing 100730, China)

机构地区：[1]中国医学科学院北京协和医学院北京协和医院眼科,北京100730

出　　处：《基础医学与临床》2022年第1期188-192,共5页Basic and Clinical Medicine

基　　金：北京协和医学院青年医学教育学者计划(2017zlgc0704);北京协和医学院本科教育教学改革立项(2017zlgc0123)。

摘　　要：目的设计一种可模拟眼底的人眼模型,用于直接镜的眼底检查教学,并评估其有效性。方法首先应用3D打印材料制作眼部模型,然后选取进入眼科学习的北京协和医学院临床医学八年制本科生92名,平均随机分配到两组:A组(模型训练组)及B组(传统训练组)。两组学生经过相同时间的训练后,选取难度相同的真实患者眼底进行测试,以120 s为考核时限,记录是否能看清视盘、看清视盘杯盘比的反应时间及正确与否,最后汇总数据,进行统计学分析。结果A组共43人成功看到眼底(93.48%),B组共21人看到眼底(45.65%),两组组间差为47.83%,95%置信区间为29.59%~66.07%(P<0.001)。A组看清眼底的中位识别时间为29 s;95%置信区间为23~45 s。由于对照组的识别率有限,无法估计中位时间,但是,基于其95%置信区间下限估计,至少需要80 s以上。对数秩检验的P值<0.001,A组明显优于B组。结论这种3D打印的眼模型显著提高了学生的学习兴趣、学习效率及学习效果,值得推广。Objective To design an eye model that can simulate the fundus for teaching direct ophthalmoscopy and to evaluate its effectiveness.Methods Using 3D(3-dimensional)printing materials to creat an eye model and then randomly organized 92 eight-year medical students into two groups:group A(model training group)and group B(traditional training group).After training,real patients were invited to test the student for maximum time of 120 seconds for each student.That recorded the ability of the students to clearly see the optic disk and the time spend to determine the cup-to-disk ratio and whether the students were correct.Results Fourty-three students in group A(93.48%)successfully saw the fundus while 21 students in group B(45.65%)saw the fundus.The difference between the two groups was 47.83%and the 95%confidence interval was 29.59%-66.07%(P<0.001).The median time to see the fundus was 29 seconds in group A;the 95%confidence interval was 23-45 seconds.Based on the lower limit of the 95%confidence interval,it was estimated that at least 80 seconds was required in group B.The P value of the log-rank test was<0.001.It proved that the operation in group A is significantly faster than that of group B.ConclusionsThis 3D-printed eye model significantly improved the students'learning interest,learning efficiency.This methodshould be shared by other medical institutions to train students in ophthalmoscopy.

关 键 词：直接检眼镜 教学 眼模型 3D打印 

分 类 号：G642.0[文化科学—高等教育学]