清华简《系年》第一章新解  

A New Interpretation of the First Chapter of Xinian in Tsinghua Bamboo Slips

作　　者：张靖人 Zhang Jingren

机构地区：[1]郑州大学历史学院博士后流动站,郑州450000 [2]郑州航空工业管理学院马克思主义学院,郑州450000

出　　处：《中州学刊》2021年第12期122-126,共5页Academic Journal of Zhongzhou

基　　金：中国博士后科学基金第13批特别资助项目(站中)“先秦儒家恕道研究”(2020T130613);2018年河南省博士后科研项目启动资助项目“先秦儒家恕道研究”(19030004);河南省教育厅人文社会科学一般项目“先秦儒家恕道研究”(2021-ZZJH-421)。

摘　　要：周武王作帝籍,以祭祀上帝天神,是继承周族敬天传统的创新之举,是伐商的重要举措。敬天思想蕴含着保民思想,二者统一而不可分割。敬天保民包含三重关系,即天—王、王—民、天—民关系,其中天—民关系决定其他两种关系。在周人意识中,天命基本等同于民命。敬天就要保民,保民就是敬天。厉王、宣王时期,抛弃帝籍礼制,意味着周初诸制败坏。西周衰落、败亡,被《系年》作者归结于废弃帝籍礼,也有道理。King Wu of Zhou Dynasty wrote Diji(帝籍)to offer sacrifices to the God,which was the innovation of inheriting the tradition in showing respect to Heaven in Zhou Dynasty,and the important initiatives of crusade against Shang Dynasty.Showing respect to Heaven also meant protecting people.There were internal relations between the two.The idea contained triple relationship here:the first was the Heaven and King,the second,the King and People,and the third,Heaven and People.The third relationship determined the other two kinds of relations.In people′s consciousness of Zhou Dynasty,the Heaven was basically identical to the People.Showing respect to Heaven meant protecting people and Vice Versa.During the Periods of Zhou Li Wang and Zhou Xuan Wang,they abandoned Dijili(帝籍礼),which meant the ruin of the systems of early years of Zhou Dynasty.The author of Xinian insisted that abandoning of Dijili(帝籍礼)cause the decline of Western Zhou Dynasty,which embodied some truth.

关 键 词：帝籍 敬天 保民 清华简《系年》 

分 类 号：K224[历史地理—历史学]