曹植“诵俳优小说”与白话小说的起源  

Cao Zhi"Sing Fou′s Tales"and the Origin of Chinese Vernacular Fiction

作　　者：陶明玉 Tao Mingyu

机构地区：[1]复旦大学中文系,上海200433

出　　处：《中州学刊》2021年第12期133-139,共7页Academic Journal of Zhongzhou

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目“明清说部诗文辑纂与研究”(17BZW011);上海市教育委员会科研创新计划(人文社会科学类)重大项目“《全稗文》汇纂、考订与研究”(E00033)。

摘　　要：《三国志》注引《魏略》关于曹植“诵俳优小说数千言”的记载具有重要的小说史价值。通过对先秦汉魏俳优俗赋的考察,可以发现曹植所诵“俳优小说”实则是俗赋。相关的出土文献、传世文献均表明,在汉魏六朝时期,俗赋已经发展出以演诵故事为主的一脉,成为唐宋说唱文学的源头。以“俳优小说”为切口和出发点,继续考察敦煌俗赋与变文、话本的关系,可以发现俗赋是唐宋转变、说话等讲唱文学产生的文体基础。据此可以推论,白话小说的母体源出于汉魏六朝以来的俗赋。如此则可将中国白话小说的起源追溯至汉魏六朝时期的俗赋。The annotations of The Three Kingdoms(《三国志》)quoted The History of Wei(《魏略》)concerning"Cao Zhi Sing Fou′s tales",which contained important value of novel history.Through the investigation of the early Qin and Han Dynasties,we can find that the Fou′s tales that Cao Zhi Sung was actually folk Fu(赋).In the Period of Han,Wei and Six Dynasties,folk Fu developed into a vein of singing stories and became the source of rap literature in Tang and Song Dynasties.By investagating Fou′s tales,this paper continues to study the relationship between Dunhuang folk Fu,Bian(变文)and Huaben(话本),and finds that folk Fu is the stylistic basis for the emergence of oral literature such as Bian and Huaben.Therefore,it can be inferred that the vernacular fiction was originated from the folk Fu since the Han,Wei and Six Dynasties.In this way,vernacular fiction can be traced back to the folk Fu of the Han,Wei and Six Dynasties.

关 键 词：俳优小说 俗赋 韵诵 白话小说 起源 

分 类 号：I206[文学—中国文学]