生物合成脂肽的驱油降黏性能评价及微观驱油机理研究  

Oil flooding and heavy oil viscosity reduction performances of biosynthetic lipopeptide and the microscopic oil displacement mechanism

作　　者：马天祥 于慧敏[2] 逯德成 王苗苗 何欣 王琦[2] Ma Tianxiang;Yu Huimin;Lu Decheng;Wang Miaomiao;He Xin;Wang Qi(PetroChina Daqing Refining&Chemical Company,Daqing Heilongjiang 163411,China;Key Laboratory of Industrial Biocatalysis,Ministry of Education,Department of Chemical Engineering,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油大庆炼化分公司,黑龙江大庆163411 [2]清华大学化学工程系教育部工业生物催化重点实验室,北京100084

出　　处：《石油化工》2021年第12期1317-1322,共6页Petrochemical Technology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFB0301500);中国石油天然气股份有限公司科学研究与技术开发项目(2016B-2803(GF))。

摘　　要：对脂肽类生物表面活性剂进行了岩心驱油和稠油降黏评价,并初步探索了脂肽类表面活性剂的微观驱油机理。实验结果表明,加入脂肽类表面活性剂的四元复合驱体系可以显著降低化学表面活性剂用量,采收率比三元复合驱提高了2.1百分点。采用含脂肽的碱性溶液作为复配降黏剂,在m(降黏剂)∶m(稠油)=1∶1、脂肽0.2 g/L、碱性盐1.2 g/L条件下,稠油体系降黏率达98.8%。进一步的微观驱油机理研究发现,该脂肽类表面活性剂分子极性强、可改变基质润湿性、降低油水界面张力、将水驱后模型通路中的剩余油乳化为油滴,显著提高微观洗油效率,从而强化驱油效果。Oil flooding and heavy oil viscosity reduction performances of lipopeptide biosurfactant were evaluated in this work and the microscopic oil displacement mechanism was explored.Results showed that the amount of chemical surfactant could be significantly reduced by adding lipopeptide surfactant into the quaternary flooding system,and the oil recovery rate was 2.1 percentages higher than that of the ternary flooding system.For heavy oil,the viscosity reduction rate reached 98.8%under the conditions of m(viscosity reducer):m(heavy oil)1∶1,lipopeptide 0.2 g/L,alkali salt 1.2 g/L.Besides,microscopic oil displacement mechanism investigation revealed that the lipopeptide surfactants with strong polarity could change the matrix wettability,reduce oil-water interfacial tension and emulsify the remaining oil into oil droplets after water flooding,which thereby enabled significantly enhanced oil washing and displacement efficiencies.

关 键 词：脂肽类表面活性剂 驱油 降黏 微观机理 

分 类 号：TE357[石油与天然气工程—油气田开发工程]