农户采纳有机农业的影响因素及其空间效应--基于新疆农户调查数据  

Influencing factors and spatial effects of organic agriculture adoption:Based on survey data of farmers in Xinjiang

作　　者：卢瑜 向平安[1] 余亮[1,3] LU Yu;XIANG Ping’an;YU Liang(Business School,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha 410028,China;Changsha Social Work College,Changsha 410004,China;Hunan First Normal University,Changsha 410205,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学商学院,长沙410028 [2]长沙民政职业技术学院,长沙410004 [3]湖南第一师范学院,长沙410205

出　　处：《中国生态农业学报（中英文）》2022年第1期153-165,共13页Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture

基　　金：湖南省自然科学基金项目(2021JJ30369);湖南省哲学社会科学基金项目(19YBA092)资助。

摘　　要：洞悉农户采纳有机农业的影响机制是设计有机农业推广政策的前提。本研究通过构建空间杜宾Probit模型,利用新疆农户调查数据,探究了农户采纳有机农业的影响因素及空间效应,并将影响因素的空间效应分解为直接效应和空间溢出效应,以明确其作用路径。研究发现:1)示范区、加入合作组织、社会网络、社会规范、合同保障、社会信任、风险偏好、引导政策、激励政策、劳动力、农户认知和年龄均对有机农业采纳行为有显著正向影响,且总效应依序递减;其中不同维度社会网络的作用存在较大差异,产业组织网络对于农户有机农业采纳正向作用大于邻里网络。2)农户有机农业采纳行为存在显著空间依赖性,采纳行为主要受各因素直接效应的影响,但邻近农户特征变量的空间溢出效应不容忽视,尤其是国家有机产品认证示范(创建)区和合作组织的空间溢出效应显著。公共部门的有机农业支持政策可向示范性经营主体倾斜,通过加大宣传推广、财政、金融与技术支持,大力培育和发展农业龙头企业和农民合作组织等产业组织,创建有机产品认证示范区,提高农户的有机农业认知来促进农户采纳有机农业。In recent years,as an important implementation measure to realize agricultural green development and rural revitalization,organic agriculture faces both opportunities and challenges and needs public policy support.Farmers are the direct production decision-maker,clarifying the influencing mechanism of farmers’organic agriculture adoption is reasonable in allowing the design of effective extension policies to promote the development of organic agriculture for the public sector.On the basis of questionnaire survey and on-the-spot interview data of 516 farmers in seven cities in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region,this study constructed a spatial Durbin Probit model to explore the influencing factors and their spatial effects of farmers’adoption of organic agriculture.Direct effects and spatial spillover effects of characteristic variables on farmers’organic agriculture adoption were determined using the partial differential method.The main findings revealed that first,59.3%of the farmers adopted organic agriculture,with income expectation being the key influencing factor.In addition,more organic farmers were located in southern Xinjiang and less in northern Xinjiang,indicating that poor ecological suitability does not constitute an obstacle to the development of organic agriculture.Compared with conventional farmers,organic farmers had a positive understanding of organic agriculture,were more willing to obtain relevant information about organic agriculture through social networks,realized interactive learning and mutually beneficial support,joining cooperative organizations more actively,and had a higher degree of social trust among similar farmers.Second,the demonstration area,cooperative organizations,social networks,social norms,contract guarantees,social trust,risk preference,guiding policy,incentive policy,number of laborers,farmers’cognition degree of organic agriculture,and age had significant,positive,and independent effects on the adoption of organic agriculture.The total effects of these factors decr

关 键 词：采纳有机农业 空间效应 空间杜宾Probit模型 农户 新疆 

分 类 号：S345[农业科学—作物栽培与耕作技术]