用随机汉字为助记词生成比特币私钥种子算法  

An Algorithm of Using Chinese Characters as Mnemonics to Generate Bitcoin Private Key Seeds

作　　者：罗英辉[1] 程昌品[1] LUO Yinghui;CHENG Changpin(College of Computer,Guangdong University of Education,Guangzhou,China,510303)

机构地区：[1]广东第二师范学院计算机学院,广州510303

出　　处：《福建电脑》2022年第1期1-5,共5页Journal of Fujian Computer

摘　　要：比特币并不存在于钱包中,其金额以UTXO的形式被记录在区块链网络中。每一次交易所消费的比特币,都来源于上次交易的UTXO。一个比特币钱包中含有大量的私钥/公钥对,而所有用户都有一个包含多个密钥的钱包。用户通过钱包中的密钥签名交易,通过用户的公钥,证明上一个UTXO属于自己,用户必须通过私钥才能花费一个UTXO,未花费的零钱必须转入另一个比特币地址。在该笔交易未确认之前,该私钥/公钥对是不能够被重复使用的。一个比特币用户需要大量的私钥/公钥对,以满足交易和安全需要。本文设计一种算法,使用“汉字”作为助记符。该助记符由12到24个汉字组成。只要记住这些汉字,一旦钱包丢失或者被损坏,就可以利用这些汉字生成seed,再由seed恢复所有的密钥。Bitcoin does not exist in the bitcoin wallet.Bitcoin is realized through UTXO,"bitcoin"is recorded in the block chain of bitcoin network in the form of UTXO.The bitcoin consumed in each transaction comes from the UTXO of the last transaction.A bitcoin wallet contains a large number of private key/public key pairs,and all users have a wallet containing multiple keys.The user signs the transaction through the key in the wallet,and proves that the last UTXO belongs to himself through the user's public key.The user can only spend one UTXO through the private key.The unused change must be transferred to another bitcoin address.Before the transaction is confirmed,the private key/public key pair cannot be reused.Therefore,a bitcoin user needs a large number of private/public key pair to meet transaction and security needs.In this paper,an algorithm is designed to use Chinese characters suitable for Chinese as mnemonics.The mnemonics are composed of 12 to 24 Chinese characters.As long as these Chinese characters are remembered,all the keys in the wallet can be managed.Once the wallet is lost or damaged,these Chinese characters can be used to generate seed,and then seed can restore all the keys.

关 键 词：区块链 UTXO 确定性钱包 助记词 

分 类 号：TP3[自动化与计算机技术—计算机科学与技术]