广州市中学生脊柱侧弯现状及影响因素分析  

Scoliosis and associated factors among middle school students in Guangzhou City

作　　者：孙艺 刘伟佳[1] 熊莉华[1] 李梦 陈思宇[1] 何蔚云 吴德平[1] 林蓉[1] SUN Yi;LIU Weijia;XIONG Lihua;LI Meng;CHEN Siyu;HE Weiyun;WU Deping;LIN Rong(Department of School Health,Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Guangzhou(510440),China;不详)

机构地区：[1]广东省广州市疾病预防控制中心学校卫生部,510440 [2]广东省疾病预防控制中心环境与学校卫生所 [3]广州市疾病预防控制中心主任室

出　　处：《中国学校卫生》2021年第12期1867-1870,1873,共5页Chinese Journal of School Health

基　　金：广东省医学科学技术研究基金项目(A2020592)。

摘　　要：目的了解广州市中学生脊柱侧弯现状及影响因素,为制定脊柱侧弯行为干预措施提供依据。方法采取分层整群随机抽样方法,抽取广州市城郊共8所中学2121名中学生开展脊柱侧弯筛查和问卷调查。结果广州市中学生脊柱侧弯检出率为8.20%,女生(9.50%)高于男生(7.00%),城区(10.45%)高于郊区(4.77%),高中生(10.08%)高于初中生(6.39%),差异均有统计学意义(χ^(2)值分别为4.40,21.76,9.54,P值均<0.05)。检出阳性的174名中学生中,胸段侧弯最多(65例),右凸略多于左凸,中度侧弯女生明显多于男生。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,城区(OR=2.56,95%CI=1.71~3.82)、每天使用移动电子设备时间≥3 h(OR=1.59,95%CI=1.12~2.27)、近距离用眼≥1 h休息一次(OR=1.40,95%CI=1.00~1.95)、每天户外活动时间<2 h(OR=1.82,95%CI=1.24~2.67)的中学生脊柱侧弯检出率较高(P值均<0.05)。结论广州市中学生脊柱侧弯检出率较高,与地区、每天使用移动电子设备时间、近距离持续用眼时间、每天户外活动时间有关,应加强脊柱健康知识宣教。Objective To investigate the general situation of scoliosis and influencing factors among middle school students in Guangzhou, so as to provide evidence for behavioral intervention measures. Methods By stratified cluster random sampling method, 2 121 students from 8 middle schools of Guangzhou were selected to conduct questionnaire survey and physical examination. Results The detection rate of scoliosis among middle school students in Guangzhou was 8.20%, girls(9.50%)>boys(7.00%), urban area(10.45%)>suburb area(4.77%), senior high school(10.08%)>junior school(6.39%)(P<0.05). Among the most of the 174 positive students were found to have large thoracic curve, right lateral bending, being girls with medium scoliosis. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that students in urban area(OR=2.56, 95%CI=1.71-3.82), with mobile electronic devices usage time≥3 h/d(OR=1.59, 95%CI=1.12-2.27), prolonged near vision work ≥1 h(OR=1.40, 95%CI=1.00-1.95), outdoor activity time<2 h/d(OR=1.82, 95%CI=1.24-2.67) had a higher detection rate of scoliosis(P<0.05). Conclusion The detection rate of scoliosis among middle school students in Guangzhou is much higher, which might be related to district, mobile electronic devices usage, prolonged near vision work and insufficient outdoor activity. Health education regarding spinal knowledge should be strengthened.

关 键 词：脊柱侧凸 患病率 回归分析 学生 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健] G478[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]