大豆与海藻有机肥对烤烟生长和土壤细菌群落的影响  

Effects of soybean-seaweed organic fertilizer on flue-cured tobacco growth and soil bacterial community

作　　者：褚德朋 陈芊如 邰振益 赵福彬 张鑫 张广雨 尹绍静 杜本林 贾海江[3] 尚宪超 ILYAS Naila 尤祥伟[1] 黄崇峻[3] 李义强[1] CHU Depeng;CHEN Qianru;TAI Zhenyi;ZHAO Fubin;ZHANG Xin;ZHANG Guangyu;YIN Shaojing;DU Benlin;JIA Haijiang;SHANG Xianchao;ILYAS Naila;YOU Xiangwei;HUANG Chongjun;LI Yiqiang(Institute of tobacco,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,No.11,Keyuan Jingsi Road,Laoshan District,Qingdao 266100,Shandong;Shandong Qingdao Tobacco Co.,Ltd.,No.150,Yanji Road,North District,Qingdao 266000,Shandong;Guangxi Zhongyan Industry Co.,Ltd.,No.28,Beihu South Road,Xixiangtang District,Nanning 530000,Guangxi)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院烟草研究所,山东青岛266100 [2]山东青岛烟草有限公司,山东青岛市266000 [3]广西中烟工业有限责任公司,广西南宁530000

出　　处：《中国烟草学报》2021年第6期43-51,共9页Acta Tabacaria Sinica

基　　金：广西中烟工业公司项目“防治烟草根茎病害生物炭海藻有机肥研发与推广应用”(2020450000340002)。

摘　　要：【目的】探究不同有机肥施用对烤烟生长和土壤细菌群落的影响。【方法】用烤烟品种中烟100进行田间试验,比较分析了大豆和海藻有机肥不同施用量对烤烟生长发育以及烟叶中氮、磷、钾含量的影响,并且从土壤理化性质以及土壤微生物群落结构的角度,分析了施用两种有机肥对烟叶生长、土壤理化性质和土壤微生物群落结构的影响。【结果】(1)与对照相比,大豆和海藻有机肥的施用,促进了团棵期和旺长期烟株的生长发育(450 kg/hm^(2)处理最佳),提高了土壤有机质和氮磷钾含量。(2)由16 S V3-V4区域扩增子测序可知,有机肥的施入改变了土壤细菌群落的丰富度和多样性,Sphingomonas、Actinospica、Pseudonocardia等有益细菌丰度增加。(3)土壤细菌群落与土壤理化性质存在一定相关性,其中土壤pH值、速效钾(AK)、硝态氮(NO_(3)^(-)-N)和铵态氮(NH_(4)^(+)-N)是主要环境影响因子。【结论】大豆和海藻有机肥的施用改善了土壤理化性质,并影响了土壤细菌群落丰富度和多样性,促进了烟株生长发育。[Objective]The objective of this study is to explore the effects of different organic fertilizers on flue-cured tobacco growth and soil bacterial community.[Methods]A field experiment was carried out by taking the flue-cured tobacco variety Zhongyan 100 as research object.The effects of application dosage of soybean-seaweed organic fertilizer on the growth of flue-cured tobacco as well as on the nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium contents of tobacco leaves were investigated.From the perspectives of soil physi-chemical properties and soil microbial community structure,the effects of two kinds of organic fertilizers on tobacco growth,soil physi-chemical properties and soil microbial community structure were analyzed.[Results]1)Compared with the control,the application of soybean-seaweed organic fertilizer promoted the growth of tobacco plants in the cluster stage and the vigorous stage,where the dosage of 450 kg/hm^(2) was the optimal dosage,increased the contents of soil organic matter,nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium.2)According to the amplification sequencing of 16 S V3-V4 region,the application of organic fertilizer changed the richness and diversity of soil bacterial communities.The abundance of beneficial bacteria such as Sphingomonas,Actinospica and Pseudonocardia was increased.3)There was a certain correlation between the soil bacterial community and the soil physi-chemical properties,in which soil pH value,available potassium(AK)、nitrate nitrogen(NO_(3)^(-)-N)and ammonium nitrogen(NH_(4)^(+)-N)were the main environmental impact factors.[Conclusion]The application of soybean-seaweed organic fertilizer improved the soil physi-chemical properties,and affected the richness and diversity of soil bacterial communities,thus promoting the growth of tobacco plants.

关 键 词：有机肥 烤烟生长 土壤理化性质 土壤微生物群落 

分 类 号：S572[农业科学—烟草工业]