乙醇的遗传毒性研究  

Study on Genetic Toxicity of Ethanol

作　　者：王天威 张文众 胡洋[2] 马志远 张梦利 WANG Tianwei;ZHANG Wenzhong;HU Yang;MA Zhiyuan;ZHANG Mengli(School of Public Health,Weifang Medical University,Weifang Shandong 261000,China;School of Safety Engineering,North China University of Science and Technology,Sanhe Hebei 065201,China)

机构地区：[1]潍坊医学院公共卫生学院,山东潍坊261000 [2]华北科技学院安全工程学院,河北三河065201

出　　处：《安全》2021年第12期1-6,共6页Safety & Security

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2017YFC1601702);高校基金项目(3142019002)。

摘　　要：为了给职业接触乙醇人群的健康评估提供科学依据,本研究采用体外实验和体内实验的方法探索乙醇的遗传毒性和靶器官。结果显示:骨髓碱性彗星试验在低剂量组和中剂量组尾部DNA含量明显高于对照组(P<0.05)。表明乙醇在体外不能直接导致DNA单链和双链断裂;骨髓是短期体内乙醇暴露致DNA断裂的靶器官;乙醇在大鼠体内导致骨髓细胞DNA单链断裂,且在一定剂量范围内随浓度升高DNA断裂作用增加,但超出一定的剂量时DNA断裂作用消失。In order to provide a scientific basis for the health assessment of the occupational exposure to Ethanol,in this paper,the genetic toxicity and target organs of Ethanol were explored through experiments in vitro and in vivo.The results show that the tail DNA content in the group of low dose and the group of middle dose is obviously higher than that of the contrast group(P<0.05)in the marrow alkalinity comet assay.It is showed that Ethanol cannot directly cause DNA single-strand and double-strand breakage in vitro;that the marrow is the target organ of DNA breakage by ethanol in short-term exposure in vivo;and that the ethanol causes single-strand breakage of the DNA of the rat in vivo,and the DNA breakage effect increases with the increase of the concentration within limits of dose,but the DNA breakage effect disappears when the dose exceeds a limit of range.

关 键 词：乙醇 遗传毒性 脱细胞DNA 彗星试验 骨髓微核试验 

分 类 号：X96[环境科学与工程—安全科学]