塑料中棚番茄有机肥与化肥配施能耗与温室气体排放评估  

Evaluation of energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions under combined application of organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer in plastic greenhouse tomato production

作　　者：吴文丽 谢英添 董晓鸣 尤春[2] WU Wen-li;XIE Ying-tian;DONG Xiao-ming;YOU Chun(Yancheng Bioengineering Branch of Jiangsu Union Technical Institute,Yancheng 224051,China;Yancheng institute of vegetables,Yancheng 224002,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏联合职业技术学院盐城生物工程分院,江苏盐城224051 [2]盐城市蔬菜研究所,江苏盐城224002

出　　处：《江苏农业学报》2021年第6期1516-1525,共10页Jiangsu Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：江苏现代农业(蔬菜)产业技术体系项目[JATS(2020)204]。

摘　　要：以江苏省盐城市塑料中棚番茄生产系统为研究对象,使用生命周期评价法分析比较常规施肥和5种使用生物有机肥或菌菇渣部分、全部替代尿素有机肥与化肥配施条件下番茄单位产量能耗和温室气体排放值。结果表明,6种施肥方案下,每生产1000 kg番茄的能耗为2264~3094 MJ,温室气体排放值为150~204 kg,CO_(2)-eq。设施建设对整个系统的环境影响要高于栽培管理。通过提高建材的使用寿命,合理减少建材使用量或提高番茄产量可达到节能减排的目标。常规施肥条件下,尿素的生产与施用所造成的能源消耗和温室气体排放值均占栽培管理的40%以上,本研究中利用有机肥替代尿素的5种有机肥与化肥配施方案,与常规施肥相比,节能减排效果最佳的是生物有机肥氮全部替代尿素氮的施肥方案,其次是菌菇渣与生物有机肥氮分别替代25%尿素氮的施肥方案。Taking the plastic shed tomato production system as the research object in Yancheng,Jiangsu province,the bio-organic fertilizer or mushroom residue was used to partially or completely replace urea for formula fertilization.Energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions of the tomato production system in greenhouse under six kinds of fertilization schemes were assessed by using life cycle assessment(LCA).The results showed that environmental impacts of producting 1000 kg tomatoes were 2264-3094 MJ for energy consumption,150-204 kg,CO_(2)-eq for greenhouse gas emissions.The environmental impact of horticultural facilities construction on tomato production system was higher than that of tomato cultivation and management.By increasing the service life of various building materials,reducing building materials consumption or increasing the yield of tomato per unit area,the goal of energy saving and emission reduction could be achieved.The value of energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions caused by urea production and application accounted for more than 40%of tomato cultivation and management under conventional fertilization.In this study,the best energy-saving and emission-reduction effect was the formula fertilization for completely replacing urea with bio-organic fertilizer of five formula fertilization schemes,followed by the formula fertilization for respectively replacing 25%urea with mushroom residue and bio-organic fertilizer.

关 键 词：能耗 温室气体排放 番茄 中棚 

分 类 号：S641.2[农业科学—蔬菜学]