不同灌溉模式下农业水能消耗及碳排放研究  

The Effects of Irrigation Methods on Carbon Emission and Water-energy Consumption of Crop Production

作　　者：张慧芳 赵荣钦 肖连刚 魏义长 朱瑞明 冯梦雨 罗慧丽 李汭诗 ZAHNG Huifang;ZHAO Rongqin;XIAO Liangang;WEI Yichang;ZHU Ruiming;FENG Mengyu;LUO Huili;LI Ruishi(School of Surveying and Geo-informatics,North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power,Zhengzhou 450046,China)

机构地区：[1]华北水利水电大学测绘与地理信息学院,郑州450046

出　　处：《灌溉排水学报》2021年第12期119-126,共8页Journal of Irrigation and Drainage

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41971241);河南省高校科技创新人才支持计划项目(人文社科类)(2021-CX-011);2020年河南省留学人员科研择优资助项目。

摘　　要：【目的】从"水-能"关联的视角揭示不同灌溉模式下水能消耗和碳排放的差异。【方法】通过收集河南农业大学科教园区(原阳)节水农业试验场不同灌溉模式下的面积、产量、水资源及能源消耗等数据,分析了不同灌溉模式下农业生产碳排放强度的差异,并探讨了水能消耗及碳排放的关联关系。【结果】灌溉碳排放是农业生产的主要碳排放源。传统漫灌模式下水能消耗及碳排放强度均较高,滴灌模式下水能消耗及碳排放强度明显下降,其中水资源、能源消耗及碳排放强度较漫灌模式分别减少60.00%、19.47%和33.21%;在漫灌模式下,冬小麦全生长期内的碳排放强度高于夏玉米19.67%;而在微喷灌与滴灌模式下,夏玉米灌溉碳排放强度比冬小麦高43.75%和40.81%;夏玉米在滴灌模式下的产量略高于微喷灌,明显高于漫灌模式(12.05%),远高于雨养模式(43.13%);不同灌溉模式下耕作方式和水能消耗强度是导致碳排放差异的主要原因。【结论】不同灌溉模式下农业水能消耗及碳排放强度差异明显,在考虑区域水资源状况及土壤条件的基础上,规模化采用滴灌、微喷灌等节水灌溉措施可以降低农业生产中的能源消耗强度,推动农业生产的低碳发展。【Objective】Water and energy consumption in agricultural production impacts greenhouse emissions both directly and indirectly,and the concept of water-energy nexus is to quantify their relationships.The purpose of this paper is to elucidate to what extent irrigation methods could affect this nexus,as well as its consequence for carbon emission.【Method】The analysis was based on data measured from the water-saving agricultural experimental field at the Yuanyang Science and Education Park of Henan Agricultural University.Energy consumption and carbon emission were measured and calculated for winter wheat-maize rotation which was watered using surface flood irrigation,drip irrigation and micro-sprinkler irrigation,respectively,from which we analyzed the impact of water-energy consumption on carbon emission.【Result】Emission induced by energy consumption of the irrigations was the main carbon emission for irrigated agriculture;water-energy consumption and carbon emission in traditional flood irrigation were much higher than that from the improved drip and sprinkler irrigation.Compared with traditional flood irrigation,drip irrigation reduced water and energy consumption as well as carbon emission by 60%,19.47%and 45%respectively.In flood irrigation,carbon emission from winter wheat was 18.97%higher than that from summer maize.In contrast,switching to micro-sprinkler or drip irrigation increased the carbon emission from summer maize by 40.08%and 43.75%,respectively,compared to that from the winter wheat.Drip and micro-sprinkling irrigation increased the summer maize yield by 12.05%and 43.13%,respectively,compared to flood irrigation.Overall,cultivation and water-energy consumption of different irrigation methods were the main reason behind the difference in their carbon emissions.【Conclusion】Water and energy consumption and its associated carbon emission in crop production varied with irrigation method.Water-saving irrigation such as drip and micro-sprinkler irrigations is effective in reducing energy con

关 键 词：农业 灌溉模式 碳排放 水能消耗 

分 类 号：S274[农业科学—农业水土工程] X24[农业科学—农业工程]