黄铁矿型FeS_(2)的制备及其储能应用  

Synthesis and Energy Storage Application of Pyrite FeS_(2)

作　　者：李搛倬 传秀云[1] 杨扬 刘芳芳 齐鹏越 LI Jianzhuo;CHUAN Xiuyun;YANG Yang;LIU Fangfang;QI Pengyue(School of Earth and Space Sciences,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China)

机构地区：[1]北京大学地球与空间科学学院,北京100871

出　　处：《材料导报》2022年第1期12-24,共13页Materials Reports

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51774016);北京大学开放测试基金(0000012321)。

摘　　要：能源与环境是当今社会发展的两大重要问题。随着化石能源的枯竭和环境污染的日益严重,寻找清洁的替代能源已成为当今社会的普遍共识,新型能源储存和转换器件,如二次锂/钠电池和超级电容器等成为研究热点,而合适的电极材料是提升其电化学性能和实现其产业化的关键。二硫化铁(FeS_(2))是一种具有高理论比容量的过渡族金属硫化物,在自然界以黄铁矿的形式存在,储量丰富、分布广泛、环保无毒,目前在商用高能Li-FeS_(2)一次电池中得到了产业化应用并大量投放市场,而且在二次锂/钠电池和超级电容器等新型储能器件上展现出极大的潜力,成为新能源产业研究的重点和热点。目前FeS_(2)的储能研究主要包括两个方面:化学合成法制备FeS_(2)和天然FeS_(2)的加工处理。但是,FeS_(2)电导率较低和循环过程中稳定性较差是其在储能应用中亟待解决的问题。FeS_(2)的纳米设计是目前提升其电化学性能的主要途径。本文介绍了FeS_(2)的晶体结构,简要叙述了纳米黄铁矿型FeS_(2)的制备方法,包括化学合成纳米FeS_(2)和天然黄铁矿的加工;此外,简要综述了纳米FeS_(2)在锂/钠电池和超级电容器中的储能机理及研究进展。Energy and environment are two important issues in today’s social development.With the depletion of fossil energy and the increasingly se-rious environmental pollution,it has become a consensus to search for clean alternative energy.New energy storage and conversion devices,such as secondary lithium/sodium batteries and supercapacitors,have become a research hotspot.Appropriate electrode materials are the key to improve electrochemical performance and realize industrialization.Pyrite iron disulfide(FeS_(2))is a kind of transition metal sulfide with a high theoretical specific capacity,which exists in the form of pyrite in nature,with abundant reserves,wide distribution,environmental protection and non-toxic.FeS_(2)has been widely applied in commercial high-energy Li-FeS_(2)primary batteries and put into the market in large quantities at present.Moreover,FeS_(2)shows great potential in secondary lithium/sodium batteries and supercapacitors,becoming the focus and hotspot of new energy industry research.The energy storage research of FeS_(2)mainly includes two aspects:FeS_(2)prepared by chemical synthesis methods and processing of natural FeS_(2).However,the low conductivity of FeS_(2)and poor stability during cycling are the urgent problems to be solved in the application of FeS_(2)materials in energy storage.Nano design of FeS_(2)is the main way to improve its electrochemical performance.In this paper,the crystal structure of FeS_(2)is introduced,and the preparation methods of nanosized pyrite FeS_(2)are briefly described,including the chemical synthesis of nanosized FeS_(2)and the processing of natural pyrite.Besides,the energy storage mechanism and research progress of nanoscale FeS_(2)in lithium/sodium batteries and supercapacitors are briefly reviewed.

关 键 词：黄铁矿型二硫化铁 水热/溶剂热法 化学气相沉积法 高温硫化法 热注入法 天然黄铁矿锂/钠电池 超级电容器 

分 类 号：TQ152[化学工程—电化学工业]