中国重要湿地土壤中汞、砷的分布与污染概况  

Distribution and Pollution Situation of Mercury and Arsenic in Important Wetlands Soil in China

作　　者：孙晶 李伟[1] 吕学斌 张娜 高海涛 SUN Jing;LI Wei;LYU Xuebin;ZHANG Na;GAO Haitao(School of Science,Tibet University,Lhasa 850000,China)

机构地区：[1]西藏大学理学院,西藏拉萨850000

出　　处：《环境科学与技术》2021年第9期100-110,共11页Environmental Science & Technology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划“固废资源化”重点专项(2019YFC1904100);环境化学与生态毒理学国家重点实验室开放基金(KF2017-07);西藏大学研究生“高水平人才培养计划”项目(2019-GSP-S036)。

摘　　要：在统计了近10年国内重要湿地土壤中汞、砷元素相关文献数据的基础上,该文采用单因子指数法、污染负荷指数法和潜在生态危害指数法,研究了湿地土壤中汞、砷的分布和污染情况。结果表明,以各湿地当地背景值为参考标准,湿地土壤中汞、砷含量超标率分别为57.9%和43.5%。汞、砷含量的变异系数(CV)分别为101.3%和95.0%,表明汞和砷分布不均匀;汞、砷的污染负荷指数法的结果PLIzone为0.24~3.09,均值为1.00;综合潜在生态风险指数RI为4.60~268.57,均值为69.83。中国重要湿地土壤中汞、砷的含量较高,且各湿地土壤中汞、砷的分布不均匀,存在较大的差异;中国重要湿地土壤中汞、砷的污染程度为无污染到极强污染,整体体现为中等污染,生态风险程度为轻微到中等,整体体现为轻微风险。Based on the collected literature data related to Hg and As in China’s important wetland soil within 10 years,the distribution and pollution of Hg and As in wetland soil were studied using the single factor index,pollution load index and potential ecological risk index method.The results showed that the Hg and As content exceeded the standard by 57.9%and 43.5%respectively with the local background value as the reference.The coefficient of variation of Hg and As content were 101.3%and 95.0%,respectively,indicating inhomogeneous distribution;the result of pollution load index method PLIzone was 0.24~3.09 with an average value of 1.00;and the potential ecological risk index was 4.60~268.57 with an mean value of 69.83.As a conclusion,the content of Hg and As in Chinese important wetland soil is relatively high,the distribution is quite inhomo⁃geneous;the pollution situation is non-pollution to strong pollution,the overall exhibited moderate contamination,and the ecological risk degree is slight-risk to moderate risk,the integral illustrated slight-risk.

关 键 词：湿地土壤 重金属 汞 砷 污染评价 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]