云南勐腊县疟疾流行及近年媒介按蚊监测情况分析  

Analysis on malaria prevalence and vector Anopheles surveillance in Mengla County of Yunnan Province

作　　者：肖育江 李俊明 刘江云 陈诗梅 王娇 谢开华 王瑞平 吕锡宏[3] XIAO Yu-jiang;LI Jun-ming;LIU Jiang-yun;CHEN Shi-mei;WANG Jiao;XIE Kai-hua;WANG Rui-ping;LYU Xi-hong(Mengla Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Yunnan 666300,China;Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University,Shanghai 200443,China;Songjiang Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Shanghai 201620,China)

机构地区：[1]勐腊县疾病预防控制中心,云南勐腊666300 [2]同济大学附属皮肤病医院,上海200443 [3]上海市松江区疾病预防控制中心,上海201620

出　　处：《中华卫生杀虫药械》2021年第6期512-515,共4页Chinese Journal of Hygienic Insecticides and Equipments

基　　金：上海市松江区医学重点学科建设项目(编号:ZK2019A10);松江区科学技术攻关项目(编号:19sjkjgg138)。

摘　　要：目的分析勐腊县疟疾流行及媒介按蚊监测情况,为今后疟疾防控策略调整提供依据。方法运用Excel对勐腊县疟疾流行状况及按蚊监测数据进行汇总和描述性分析,应用SPSS 22.0进行统计学分析。结果1965—2018年,勐腊县共发现疟疾45798例,平均发病率为392.5/10万,最高发病率为1985年的1161.4/10万,2005年开始疟疾疫情持续大幅下降。2005—2018年报告疟疾病例705例,年平均发病率为21.0/10万,发病率逐年下降(χ^(2)=1408.563,P<0.001),2013年最后1例本地病例后,未再出现本地病例报告,之后散在发现输入性病例。疟疾病例男女性别比2.42:1,职业前3位为农民274例(占38.9%)、民工142例(20.1%)和工人85例(12.1%);地区上呈散发态势。疟疾分型为间日疟585例(83.0%)、恶性疟95例(13.5%)和未分型25例(3.5%)。2013—2016年共开展按蚊监测86次,平均密度为0.7只/(灯·夜),中华按蚊占78.7%(174/221),监测按蚊种类逐年减少。结论勐腊县疟疾流行取得了明显的防控效果,初步达到消除疟疾的目标,但输入性疟疾的威胁将长期存在。Objective To analyze the malaria epidemic and the surveillance of vector Anopheles in Mengla County,providing the basis for the adjustment of malaria control strategy in the future.Methods The data of malaria prevalence and Anopheles surveillance in Mengla County were collected and analyzed by Excel,and SPSS 22.0 was used for statistical analysis.Results From 1965 to 2018,a total of 45798 malaria cases were found in Mengla County,with an average incidence of 392.5/100000 and the highest incidence of 1161.4/100000 in 1985.Since 2005,the malaria epidemic had continued to decline significantly.705 malaria cases were reported from 2005 to 2018,with the average incidence of 21.0/100000,and the incidence decreased year by year(χ^(2)=1408.563,P<0.001).Since the last local case in 2013,there had not been local case reported,and imported cases were found sporadically.The male-female ratio of malaria cases was 2.42:1.The top three occupations were 274 farmers(38.9%),142 migrant workers(20.1%)and 85 workers(12.1%).Malaria cases were sporadic in the regions.In terms of malaria typing,585 cases(83.0%)were vivax malaria,95 cases(13.5%)were falciparum malaria and 25 cases(3.5%)were untyped malaria.Anopheles mosquito surveillance was carried out 86 times from 2013 to 2016,with an average density of 0.7 insects per light at a night,and Anopheles sinensis accounted for 78.7%(174/221),and Anopheles species monitored decreased year by year.Conclusion Mengla County had achieved obvious control effect on malaria epidemic and achieved the goal of eliminating malaria initially,but the threat of imported malaria will exist for a long time.

关 键 词：疟疾 流行特征 发病率 按蚊 疟疾消除 

分 类 号：R384.1[医药卫生—医学寄生虫学] R184.31[医药卫生—基础医学]