坝上地区设施架豆耗水规律及节水灌溉制度试验研究  

Research of water consumption pattern and water saving irrigation schedule on facilities bean in Bashang Area

作　　者：顾宝群 刘晓亮 张玮 马振波 张大胜 GU Baoqun;LIU Xiaoliang;ZHANG Wei;MA Zhenbo;ZHANG Dasheng(Hebei Provincial Academy of Water Resources,Shijiazhuang 050051,China)

机构地区：[1]河北省水利科学研究院,河北石家庄050051

出　　处：《北京水务》2021年第6期26-30,共5页Beijing Water

基　　金：河北省水利科研计划项目(2016-10):“河北省坝上地区设施蔬菜高效用水研究”。

摘　　要：通过对坝上地区设施架豆进行滴灌试验,研究不同灌水量对设施架豆耗水量、产量及水分利用效率的影响,探讨坝上地区设施架豆适宜的节水灌溉制度。试验结果表明:结荚盛期是设施架豆的耗水高峰期,耗水强度为4.11 mm/d,该阶段耗水量占生育期总耗水量的45.49%;试验条件下,适宜的灌溉制度为:幼苗期播种后灌水1次,灌水定额为150 m^(3)/hm^(2);抽蔓期灌水周期为5 d,灌水定额为75 m^(3)/hm^(2);花期灌水周期为8 d,灌水定额120 m^(3)/hm^(2);结荚盛期灌水周期为3 d,灌水定额为120 m^(3)/hm^(2)。灌溉定额为1845~2040 m^(3)/hm^(2)时,设施架豆产量可达到32160 kg/hm^(2),灌溉水利用效率可达到17.43 kg/m^(3),比常规灌溉方式提高86.4%。该节水灌溉制度可为指导坝上地区设施架豆节水灌溉提供技术依据。Through the drip irrigation experiment on facilities bean in Bashang Area,the effects of dif⁃ferent irrigation quota during the different growth period on water consumption pattern,yield and water use efficiency were discussed.And the suitable water saving irrigation schedule were studied.The results showed that the peak of daily water consume of the facilities bean was 4.11 mm/d,which occurred in peak podding stage,and the water consuming occupied 45.49%of the total consumption.Under the test condition the suitable irrigation schedule was:150 m^(3)/hm^(2)and only one time after sowing at seeding stage,75 m^(3)/hm^(2)for every 5 days at vine-sprouting stage,120 m^(3)/hm^(2)for every 8 days at flowering stage,120 m^(3)/hm^(2)for every 3 days at peak of podding stage.The optimum irrigation quota was 1845~2040 m^(3)/hm^(2),which realized high yield(32160 kg/hm^(2))and raised water use efficiency to 17.43 kg/m^(3).This water-saving irrigation system can provide technique basis for guiding the water-saving irriga⁃tion of facilities bean in BaShang Area.

关 键 词：坝上 设施架豆 耗水 灌溉制度 

分 类 号：S274[农业科学—农业水土工程]