蓝细菌繁荣滋养的苗岭世光养碳酸盐岩工厂:以安徽寿县卧龙山剖面崮山组为例  

Photozoan carbonate factory nourished by cyanobacterial bloomof the Cambrian Miaolingian:an example from the Wolongshansection in Shouxian County of Anhui Province, North-China platform

作　　者：梅冥相[1,2] MEI Mingxiang(School of Earth Sciences and Natural Resources,China University of Geosciences,Beijing100083,China;State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology,China University of Geosciences,Beijing100083,China)

机构地区：[1]中国地质大学地球科学与资源学院,北京100083 [2]中国地质大学(北京)生物地质与环境地质国家重点实验室,北京100083

出　　处：《地质学报》2021年第12期3571-3591,共21页Acta Geologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(编号41472090,40472065,49802012)联合资助的成果。

摘　　要：描述、界定和解释无穷多样的碳酸盐岩始终是一个谜团,因为许多复杂的问题只有推测性的答案。碳酸盐生产作用体系形象化地定义为碳酸盐岩工厂,最原始的定义是指小于15 m深的清澈浅水环境,因为这是绝大多数碳酸盐生产者的聚居地;后来,基于能量来源,对海相碳酸盐岩工厂提出了一个富有智慧的双重划分,即光养工厂和异养工厂。随着对碳酸盐沉淀作用样式的深入了解,产生了浅海碳酸盐岩工厂或生产作用体系的三重划分,而且被进一步形象化地简称为:① T-工厂,T源于热带或水柱顶部的涵义;② C-工厂,C代表着冷水或受到控制的沉淀作用;③ M-工厂,在这里M意味着微生物、泥晶和泥丘。寒武纪苗岭世浅水碳酸盐岩工厂,具有以下两个方面的特殊性:首先是光养的,其次是微生物的(蓝细菌繁荣所滋养的),因此可以识别出两个特别的工厂,即光合作用生物膜诱发的放射鲕粒主导的光养T工厂、以及占据着T-工厂位置的蓝细菌微生物席建造的微生物礁主导的光养-M工厂。安徽寿县卧龙山剖面的寒武系苗岭统崮山组,从凝缩段的陆棚相泥岩变浅至强迫型海退体系域浅缓坡相鲕粒滩相灰岩和均一石主导的微生物礁灰岩,形成一个淹没不整合面所限定的三级层序。一个从微生物放射鲕粒滩到均一石主导的微生物礁的沉积序列,组成了该层序的强迫型海退体系域。下部的放射鲕粒主导的鲕粒滩相灰岩,在鲕粒核心、鲕粒皮层以及鲕粒间的泥晶团块或凝块之中,表现出高密度保存的而且较为肯定地类比于现代织线菌的丝状葛万菌化石,表明了光合作用生物膜诱发了放射鲕粒皮层的放射纤维状方解石的沉淀作用,所以不能理解为非生物成因的沉淀物,从而进一步表明鲕粒滩相灰岩代表着一个特别的光养-T工厂;覆盖在鲕粒滩相灰岩之上的均一石主导的微生物礁,也发育着高密�Describing, characterizing, and interpreting the wide variety of carbonate rocks represents a major challenge. Carbonate factories are referred to as production systems. The original definition refers to the clear neritic marine environment with a depth of less than 15 m in which most of carbonate producers assembled. Subsequently, a double subdivision of the shallow carbonate production system has been proposed based on the energy source, i.e., the photozoan and heterozoan factories, which represents a conceptual advance. Along with a deeper understanding of styles of carbonate precipitation, a threefold subdivision of the benthic carbonate production systems augmented with knowledge of the carbonate factory principle has been proposed on a geologic scale, i.e.① the T-factory, in which the T is derived from tropical or “top-of-the-water-column”;② the C-factory, in which the C stands for cool-water or controlled precipitation;and③ the M-factory, in which M represents microbial, micrite, or mud-mound. Two aspects characterize the carbonate factory of the Cambrian Miaolingian: the first is the photozoan, the second is the microbial(the nourished by cyanobacterial bloom).Therefore, two particular carbonate factories could be differentiated i.e., the photozoan T-factory dominated by radial ooids that are induced by photosynthetic biofilms, and the photozoan M-factory dominated by microbial reefs that are built by cyanobacterial mats and also occupied the shallow environments normally filled by the T-factory. The Gushan Formation of the Cambrian Miaolingian at the Wolongshan section in Shouxian County of Anhui Province in southern North-China Platform makes up a third-order sequence bound by drowning unconformity that is marked by an upward shoaling succession from the shelf muddy shales of the condensed section to the oolites covered by microbial reefs(leiolites) of the forced regressive system tract. A sedimentary succession from a grain bank predominated by microbial radial ooids to a microbial reef predo

关 键 词：蓝细菌繁荣 光养碳酸盐岩工厂 崮山组 寒武系苗岭统 安徽省寿县卧龙山剖面 华北地台 

分 类 号：P588.245[天文地球—岩石学] P53[天文地球—地质学] Q938[生物学—微生物学]