江西省农户生态耕种影响因素的空间分异研究  

Research on Spatial Differentiation of Factors Influencing Ecological Farming among Farmers in Jiangxi Province

作　　者：邵新霞 黄宏胜[1] 陈美球[1] 谢贤鑫 黄吉 SHAO Xin-xia;HUANG Hong-sheng;CHEN Mei-qiu;XIE Xian-xin;HUANG Ji(Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Watershed Agricultural Resources and Ecology of Jiangxi Province,Jiangxi Agricultural University,Nanchang 330045,China;College of Public Administration,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing 210095,China)

机构地区：[1]江西农业大学江西省鄱阳湖流域农业资源与生态重点实验室,江西南昌330045 [2]南京农业大学公共管理学院,江苏南京210095

出　　处：《长江流域资源与环境》2021年第11期2792-2800,共9页Resources and Environment in the Yangtze Basin

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(71964016);江西省高校人文社科项目(GL1552,JD19048)。

摘　　要：识别农户生态耕种影响因素的空间差异,对引导农户生态耕种,促进耕地生态保护意义重大。根据江西省11市47县(区)1 203份农户生态耕种问卷,使用空间自回归和地理加权回归模型,首先探索了农户生态耕种的空间分布特征,然后从整体和局部两个方面分析生态耕种与其影响因素的统计关系,研究结果表明:(1)农户生态耕种呈现典型的空间自相关分布特征,主要影响因素有政府补贴、劳动力比重、兼业程度、家距县城距离及是否为永久基本农田;(2)从全局看,除家距县城距离对采纳度呈负向影响外,其余4个影响因子对生态耕种均呈正向影响,其中,劳动力比重影响最大,系数为1.17,政府补贴、是否为永久基本农田及兼业程度的系数分别为0.71、0.58、0.32;(3)从局部看,各影响因素的作用程度呈现典型的空间分异特征,在不同空间位置上存在差异,应分区制定差异化的农户激励措施。最后,依据生态耕种影响因素的空间分异特征,提出了全面落实永久基本农田保护制度、坚持并加大政府的农业补贴力度、鼓励和引导农户农闲时外出务工等三点建议。Identifying spatial differences in the factors influencing farmers'ecological farming is of great significance for guiding farmers'ecological farming and promoting ecological conservation of farmland.Based on 1203 peasant household ecological farming questionnaires from 47 counties in 11 cities of Jiangxi Province,spatial autoregressive and geographically weighted regression models were first used to explore the spatial distribution of peasant household ecological farming,and then the statistical relationship between ecological farming and its influencing factors were analyzed from both the global and local scales.The results show that:(1)Ecological farming of peasant household shows a typical spatial autocorrelation distribution characteristic,which are mainly influenced by government subsidies,the proportion of labor force,the degree of part-time employment,the distance to the county seat and whether the farmland is permanent basic farmland;(2)From a global perspective,except for the distance to the county seat,the other four factors have a positive influence on ecological farming.The coefficients of government subsidies,whether it is permanent basic farmland and the degree of part-time farming are 0.71,0.58 and 0.32 respectively;(3)From a local perspective,the degree of influence of each factor shows typical spatial differentiation characteristics,and there are differences in different spatial locations,so the incentive policies for farmers should be developed in a zonal way.Finally,based on the spatially differentiated characteristics of the factors influencing ecological farming,three suggestions were put forward,including the full implementation of a permanent basic farmland protection system,maintaining and increasing government agricultural subsidies,and encouraging and guiding farmers to work outside the farm during their leisure time.

关 键 词：空间分异 空间自相关 地理加权回归模型 生态耕种 江西省 

分 类 号：F323.22[经济管理—产业经济]