全球化视角下美国移民“庇护城市”研究——兼论美国非法移民的治理困境  

A Study on the“Sanctuary Cities”for Immigrants in the United States from the Perspective of Globalization——Also on America’s Governance Dilemma of Illegal Immigrants

作　　者：金晓文[1] Xiaowen Jin

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学国际关系学院,北京100872

出　　处：《世界民族》2021年第6期58-71,共14页Journal of World Peoples Studies

基　　金：国家社科基金重大研究专项“全球化发展趋势与逆全球化思潮应对研究”(项目号:18VZL015)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：非法移民问题当前已成为美国社会关注的一大焦点议题。尽管联邦政府近年来采取了一系列移民限制措施,但由于各地移民"庇护城市"的存在,给美国的非法移民治理带来了较大挑战。作为20世纪80年代后出现的新现象,移民"庇护城市"实际上同经济全球化存在着重要关联。在经济全球化进程中,一方面美国各地的利益分化日益显现,各地对于非法移民的认知存在着差异;另一方面,全球化使主权国家的权威受到侵蚀,美国联邦政府不再能单独应对非法移民问题,必须依赖地方政府的协作与配合。而一些地方政府在受到资本力量与民主力量的影响下,对非法移民存在着一定的利益诉求,这也使"庇护城市"成为当地政府的一种政策选择,进而导致美国的非法移民治理陷入困境之中。The problem of illegal immigration has become a major concern of American society.Although the U.S.federal government has adopted a series of measures to restrict immigration in recent years,the existence of"sanctuary cities"for immigrants across the country has brought great challenges to the governance of illegal immigrants in the United States.As a new phenomenon emerging from late 1980 s,the"sanctuary cities"for immigrants have a close relationship with economic globalization.In the process of globalization,interests across the U.S.are increasingly polarized,which has resulted in varied cognitions of illegal immigrants.On the other hand,as globalization has eroded the authority of sovereign states,the U.S.federal government can no longer handle the problem of illegal immigration alone,in that it has to rely on the cooperation and support of the local governments.Under the influence of capital and democracy,some local governments have certain interest demands for illegal immigrants,which has made"sanctuary city"a policy choice of the local governments,thus leading the illegal immigration governance in the U.S.into a dilemma.

关 键 词：全球化 美国移民政策 非法移民治理 “庇护城市” 

分 类 号：D771.2[政治法律—政治学]