作为调适策略的离散群体之节俗重构——对美国Hmong人传统新年的田野考察  

Reconstruction of Festival Folk Customs by Discrete Groups as an Adjustment and Adaptation Strategy:A Field Study of the Traditional New Year Festival of the Hmong People in the United States

作　　者：蓝咏石 贾仲益[2] Yongshi Lan;Zhongyi Jia

机构地区：[1]不详 [2]中央民族大学民族学与社会学学院,北京100081

出　　处：《世界民族》2021年第6期94-106,共13页Journal of World Peoples Studies

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“世界苗学通史”(15ZDB113)的阶段性成果之一。

摘　　要：对离散群体而言,节俗不仅是其从移出国带来的文化遗产,而且也包含其在客居国内经历多代人的社会文化调适所累积起来的文化资源。传统新年原本是Hmong人在老挝高地世代沿袭的岁时节日,经由美国Hmong人社区精英的积极运作,已逐渐成为由Hmong人主导、多方参与、兼具对内凝聚和向外融入功能的开放型社区庆典。它既是Hmong人族群性的实践表达和自主呈现,也是Hmong人主动融入当地多元社会、争取被理解被接纳的友善姿态,因而是观察多元社会族群互嵌和整合过程的重要切入点。For the discrete groups,traditional festivals are not only the cultural heritage brought from their original countries,but also the cultural assets accumulated by them through social and cultural adjustment and adaptation for generations in the host country.The traditional Hmong New Year celebration used to be a festival for the Hmong people in the Lao highlands for generations.With the active promotion by the Hmong community elites in the United States,it has gradually become an open community celebration led by the Hmong people with multi-participation and a function of internal cohesion and external integration.It is not only a practical expression and independent presentation of the Hmong ethnicity,but also a friendly gesture of the Hmong people to actively integrate into the local diverse society and gain understanding and acceptance.Therefore,it is an important entry point to observe the interlocking and integration process of ethnic groups in an ethnic-diverse society.

关 键 词：离散群体 调适策略 美国Hmong人 “过新年” 文化重构 

分 类 号：K897.12[历史地理—民俗学]