单粒播种不同密度对‘泉花551’产量及品质的影响  

Different Densities of Single Seed Sowing:Effect on Yield and Quality of‘Quanhua 551’

作　　者：郭陞垚 陈剑洪 詹柳琪 黄佳华 龙安 陈茹艳 谢贤斌 GUO Shengyao;CHEN Jianhong;ZHAN Liuqi;HUANG Jiahua;LONG An;CHEN Ruyan;XIE Xianbin(Quanzhou Institute of Agricultural Sciences,Quanzhou,Fujian 362212)

机构地区：[1]泉州市农业科学研究所,福建泉州362212

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2021年第36期30-35,共6页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：财政部和农业农村部:国家现代农业产业技术体系资助(CARS-13);福建省农业引导性(重点)项目“高蛋白花生种质资源创制与利用”(2018N0047);泉州市科技项目“专用型花生种质的创制与利用”(2020C065)。

摘　　要：为了研究单粒播种条件下不同种植密度对花生植株农艺性状、光合特性、产量及品质的影响,以高产、优质、适应性广的花生新品种‘泉花551’为材料,采用大田试验方法筛选其最优种植密度,为推广应用提供依据。在单粒播种条件下,花生株高、干物质积累、叶面积指数及光合势与种植密度呈正相关态势;单株分枝数、结果枝数、荚果数、单株生产力和叶绿素含量与种植密度呈负相关态势。在本试验设置的播种密度范围内产量随密度的增加呈先增加后降低的变化,以处理R4产量最高,与对照相比增产达显著水平,其较高的产量与其合理的干物质分配和较强的光合能力等有关。不同密度处理对花生籽仁品质影响较少。各处理以R4处理最适宜,既可促进单株健壮发育,充分发挥单株增产潜力,同时能协调个体与群体的发展,促进群体荚果产量的提高,实现花生的增产增效。To study the effects of different planting densities on agronomic characters,photosynthetic characteristics,yield and quality of peanut under single seed sowing condition,a new peanut variety‘Quanhua 551’with high yield,high quality and wide adaptability was taken as material,its optimal planting density was selected by field experiment,in order to provide a basis for popularization and application.The results showed that the plant height,dry matter accumulation,leaf area index and photosynthetic potential of peanut were positively correlated with planting density under the single seed sowing condition.The number of branches per plant,the number of fruits,the productivity and chlorophyll content of each plant were negatively correlated with the planting density.In the range of planting density,the yield increased firstly and then decreased with the increase of planting density.The yield of R4 was the highest,which was significantly higher than that of the control.The high yield of R4 was related to its reasonable dry matter distribution and strong photosynthetic capacity.Different density treatments had little effect on the quality of peanut kernel.R4 was the most suitable treatment,which could not only promote the healthy development of single plant,give full play to the potential of yield increase of single plant,but also coordinate the development of individual and population,promote the increase of pod yield of population,and realize the increase of yield and efficiency of peanut.

关 键 词：花生 泉花551 单粒播种 光合特性 产量 品质 

分 类 号：S565.2[农业科学—作物学]